Uniqueness of Limits of Sequences

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the proof of the uniqueness of limits of sequences, specifically addressing the conclusion that if two limits, x' and x'', satisfy |x' - x''| < ε for any ε > 0, then x' must equal x''. The proof utilizes the triangle inequality and the definition of limits, demonstrating that the only way for the inequality to hold for all positive ε is if the difference between the two limits is zero. This conclusion is drawn from the logical reasoning that if a positive number a is less than every positive ε, then a must be zero.

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  • Understanding of limits in real analysis
  • Familiarity with the triangle inequality
  • Knowledge of ε-δ definitions of limits
  • Basic concepts of sequences and convergence
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Students of mathematics, particularly those studying real analysis, educators teaching limit concepts, and anyone seeking to deepen their understanding of convergence and uniqueness of limits in sequences.

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Here is the proof provided in my textbook that I don't really understand.

Suppose that x' and x'' are both limits of (xn). For each ε > 0 there must exist K' such that | xn - x' | < ε/2 for all n ≥ K', and there exists K'' such that | xn - x'' | < ε/2 for all n ≥ K''. We let K be the larger of K' and K''. Then for n ≥ K we apply the triangle inequality to get:

| x' - x'' | = |x' - xn + xn - x'' | ≤ | x' - xn | + | xn - x'' | < ε/2 + ε/2 = ε​

Since ε > 0 is an arbitrary positive number we conclude that x' - x'' = 0.
Q.E.D.​

***I understand how they got to the conclusion |x' - x''| < ε. What I don't understand is how they can conclude from that that x' -x'' = 0.

Any help is much appreciated. This isn't homework by the way. I'm just trying to better my understanding.
 
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If |x' - x''| < ε, for any small and positive number ε, then x' and x'' are the same number. IOW, x' = x''.
 
In general, 0\leq a&lt;\epsilon is satisfied for all \epsilon&gt;0 implies
that a=0. Since otherwise, if a&gt;0 then taking \epsilon=a makes contradiction.
 

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