Uniqueness of Solution for Differential Equation with Initial Condition y(0) = 0

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on demonstrating the uniqueness of the solution for the differential equation \(\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{4x+2e^{y}}{2+2x^2}\) with the initial condition \(y(0) = 0\). Participants explore the concept of exactness by rewriting the equation and identifying functions \(M(x,y)\) and \(N(x,y)\). The integrating factor \(e^{-y}\) is identified as a key tool to transform the equation into an exact form. The discussion emphasizes the importance of understanding integrating factors and exact equations in solving differential equations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of first-order differential equations
  • Familiarity with exact equations and integrating factors
  • Knowledge of partial derivatives and their applications
  • Basic calculus concepts, including initial conditions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the method of integrating factors in detail
  • Learn about exact differential equations and their solutions
  • Explore the theorem of existence and uniqueness for differential equations
  • Practice rewriting differential equations into standard forms such as \(y' + P(x)y = Q(x)\)
USEFUL FOR

Students studying differential equations, educators teaching calculus, and anyone seeking to understand the uniqueness of solutions in mathematical analysis.

tripleZ
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Homework Statement


Show that this problem has a unique solution:

[tex] \frac {dy}{dx}=\frac{4x+2e^{y}}{2+2x^2}[/tex]

given that y(0) = 0.

Homework Equations



Test for exactness: If (when rewritten into (2+2x^2)y' - 4x+2e^y = 0 ; which i hope is correct) My = Nx then there is an exact solution.

The Attempt at a Solution


I set M(x,y) = -4x+2e^y, and N(x,y) = 2+2x^2. (those can be further simplified by dividing by 2).
Then I found My(x,y) partial to be -2x +e^y, and Nx(x,y) = 2x.

From there on I couldn't think of much, I tried finding integrating factor but failed in that too. Would be nice if someone can point me in the right direction. I should also mention that I've had a break from maths for a few years (last I did was intro calculus) and now that I'm back I noticed that I've forgot a LOT, so I hope to get some help here to get me started :)
 
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It looks like e^-y works as an integrating factor. From there, it becomes closed and exact.
 
Thank you. Did you see that by just looking at it or calculate it using the integrating factor theorem?

I'm not having much luck in understanding how to get the integrating factor, my book has only 1 example and it doesn't help me much, how would you rewrite the original equation into the form y' + P(x)y = Q(x)?
 

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