Using the inverse hyperbolic tangent function to solve ODE

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The discussion revolves around solving the differential equation dv/dt = g(1 - (ρ/g)v²) using the inverse hyperbolic tangent function. The equation is separable, leading to the integration of dv/(1 - (ρ/g)v²), which requires a substitution method. A suggested substitution is v = √(g/ρ) * tanh(u), which aligns with the hyperbolic function approach. Participants confirm that this method yields the correct solution, albeit in a different form. The conversation concludes with an acknowledgment of the clarity gained through the shared tips.
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Homework Statement


Hi all. I have to solve the differential equation \frac{dv}{dt} = g(1 - \frac{\rho}{g}v^2).

The Attempt at a Solution



Apparently the solution should involve the inverse hyperbolic tangent function - with the equation in this form it should just be separable, correct? However, when separating variables I have to integrate the function \frac{dv}{1-\frac{\rho}{g}v^2} which I am not sure how to go about. I think a substitution of some kind? Any tips would be appreciated.
 
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Partial fractions: 1-\frac{\rho}{g}v^2= (1- \sqrt{\frac{\rho}{g}}v)(1+ \sqrt{\frac{\rho}{g}}v).
 
Or v=sqrt(g/rho)*tanh(u), if you want to stick with the hyperbolic function approach. You'll get the same answer, though it will look different.
 
I see it now. Thanks guys!
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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