So far I think itstoast gave the best answer. I would like to add this to help clarify.
All motors should have a nameplate with all the information you requested. There should be information for the voltages, FLA or RLA (Full Load Amps or Running Load Amps), and LRA (Locked Rotor Amps) for each voltage the motor can use.
Measure voltage between any two legs (ie. ABv, BCv, CAv). Measure amps with an amp meter clamped around anyone leg (Ai, Bi, Ci). If the motor normally runs at 240V, 40A then if you apply 208V instead, the motor will draw slightly over 46A. Think watts (or Volt-Amps).
Measure voltage leg to leg (not leg to ground) for a three phase motor.