Virtual particles in interactions

In summary, the conversation is about the concept of virtual particles in physics and whether they exist in a physical sense or are just theoretical constructs to conserve quantities. The individual is seeking clarification on the meaning of a virtual particle and has found relevant discussions on a forum.
  • #1
lntz
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Hi,

so we have just started doing some physics of fundamental particles etc at school.

i am reading a lot about the exchange of 'virtual' photons etc. i am confused about whether these particles actually exist in a physical sense or whether they just have to be there to conserve quantities?

i know that is quite vague, but what is actually meant by a virtual particle?

thanks in advance for any light you can shed.

lntz.
 
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1. What are virtual particles in interactions?

Virtual particles are particles that are not directly observable, but are used in quantum field theory to explain the interactions between particles. They are considered to be "virtual" because they do not have a definite mass or energy, and only exist for a very short amount of time before disappearing.

2. How do virtual particles mediate interactions between particles?

Virtual particles are constantly being created and destroyed in the quantum vacuum. When two particles interact, they exchange virtual particles, which act as carriers of the fundamental forces (such as electromagnetism or the strong and weak nuclear forces) between the particles.

3. Are virtual particles real?

Virtual particles are considered to be real in the context of quantum field theory, as they play a crucial role in explaining the behavior of particles and their interactions. However, they are not directly observable and do not exist as physical, stable particles in the same way that we observe particles in everyday life.

4. Can virtual particles be detected?

No, virtual particles cannot be directly detected because they exist for such a short amount of time and do not have a measurable impact on the surrounding environment. However, their effects can be indirectly observed through their contributions to particle interactions and behavior.

5. Do virtual particles violate the conservation of energy?

No, virtual particles do not violate the conservation of energy. Although they are considered to have a temporary existence, their energy and momentum are still subject to the laws of conservation. This is because they are always created in pairs and their combined energy and momentum balances out to zero.

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