Wavefunction for shifted harmonic oscillator potential

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the ground state energy and wavefunction for a shifted harmonic oscillator potential defined piecewise. The potential is symmetric about the origin and consists of three regions: for \(x < -d/2\), \(V(x) = (x+\frac{1}{2})^{2} + \frac{2d-1}{4}\); for \(-d/2 < x < d/2\), \(V(x) = x^{2}\); and for \(x > d/2\), \(V(x) = (x-\frac{1}{2})^{2} + \frac{2d-1}{4}\). The wavefunctions in these regions are derived from the shifted harmonic oscillator solutions, but there is a critical issue at the potential kinks where the wavefunctions do not match, raising questions about the continuity and normalizability of the solutions.

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  • Understanding of quantum mechanics, particularly the harmonic oscillator model.
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  • Knowledge of piecewise-defined functions and their implications in quantum systems.
  • Proficiency in mathematical techniques involving Hermite polynomials and exponential functions.
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  • Investigate the implications of potential discontinuities on wavefunction behavior.
  • Explore the concept of normalizability in quantum mechanics and its relevance to piecewise potentials.
  • Study the mathematical derivation of shifted harmonic oscillator wavefunctions in detail.
  • Examine the role of boundary conditions in determining the physical validity of quantum solutions.
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Students and researchers in quantum mechanics, particularly those studying potential wells and harmonic oscillators, as well as physicists interested in the mathematical foundations of wavefunctions in non-standard potentials.

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Homework Statement



Consider the following potential, which is symmetric about the origin at ##x=0##:

##V(x) =
\begin{cases}
x^{2}+(x+\frac{d}{2}) &\text{for}\ x < -d/2\\
x^{2} &\text{for}\ -d/2 < x < d/2\\
x^{2}-(x-\frac{d}{2}) &\text{for}\ x > d/2
\end{cases}##

Find the ground state energy and wavefunction for this potential.

Homework Equations



The Attempt at a Solution



For ##x < -d/2##, ##V(x) = (x+\frac{1}{2})^{2}+\frac{2d-1}{4} = (x+\frac{1}{2})^{2}##,and

for ##x > d/2##, ##V(x) = (x-\frac{1}{2})^{2}+\frac{2d-1}{4} = (x-\frac{1}{2})^{2}##.

So, the wavefunctions in these two sectors are the shifted-in-position harmonic oscillator wavefunctions.

So, for ##x < -d/2##, ##\psi_{n}(x) \sim \text{exp}\Big(-\frac{m\omega}{2\hbar}(x-\frac{1}{2})^{2}\Big)\ H_{n}\Big(\sqrt{\frac{m\omega}{\hbar}}(x-\frac{1}{2})\Big)##,

for ##-d/2 < x < d/2##, ##\psi_{n}(x) \sim \text{exp}\Big(-\frac{m\omega}{2\hbar}x^{2}\Big)\ H_{n}\Big(\sqrt{\frac{m\omega}{\hbar}}x\Big)##, and

for ##x > d/2##, ##\psi_{n}(x) \sim \text{exp}\Big(-\frac{m\omega}{2\hbar}(x+\frac{1}{2})^{2}\Big)\ H_{n}\Big(\sqrt{\frac{m\omega}{\hbar}}(x+\frac{1}{2})\Big)##.

But, the wavefunctions at the potential kinks at ##x=-d/2## and ##x=d/2## do not match.

Is there some sorcery of the kink in the potential - perhaps the discontinuity at ##V'(-d/2)## and at ##V(d/2)## - that causing this behaviour of the wavefunction?
 
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I haven't looked into this problem much, but the thought that occurs to me is that you can't assume the solution for the middle region is the regular SHO solution. Those solutions were derived assuming the wave function had to be normalizable when integrating over all x. You no longer have that constraint.
 
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