What Are the Decay Dynamics of a Radioactive Substance Over Time?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the decay dynamics of a radioactive substance with an initial activity of 10 mCi, which decreases to 6 mCi after 4 hours. The decay constant was calculated to be 0.13 hr-1, leading to a half-life of approximately 5.33 hours. The number of initial atoms was determined to be approximately 1.04 x 1013 nuclei. After 30 hours, the activity of the substance is projected to be 0.2 mCi.

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[SOLVED] A radoactive substance

Homework Statement



A radioactive substance has an activity of 10mCi. After 4 hours the activity is 6mCi.
a) What is the decay constant and the half life?
b) How many atoms are there in the beginning?
c) What is the activity after 30 hours?

Homework Equations



a) A=A0e^-λt => -λ = ((ln A/A0)/t
T½=((ln 2)/λ

c) A=A0e^-λt

b) A=λN => N = A/λ


The Attempt at a Solution



a) -λ = ((ln 6/10)/4) = 0,13
T½ = ((ln 2)/0,13) = 5,33h

c) A=10*e^-0,13*30 = 0,2mCi

b) N = 10/0,13=0,77
 
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FinSanity said:

Homework Statement



A radioactive substance has an activity of 10mCi. After 4 hours the activity is 6mCi.
a) What is the decay constant and the half life?
b) How many atoms are there in the beginning?
c) What is the activity after 30 hours?

Homework Equations



a) A=A0e^-?t => -? = ((ln A/A0)/t
T½=((ln 2)/?

c) A=A0e^-?t

b) A=?N => N = A/?

The Attempt at a Solution



a) -? = ((ln 6/10)/4) = 0,13
T½ = ((ln 2)/0,13) = 5,33h

c) A=10*e^-0,13*30 = 0,2mCi

b) N = 10/0,13=0,77

I don't know if you're still looking at this thread. I agree with parts (a) and (b) [I get 0.22 mCi].

For part (c), first off, your decay constant is in units of inverse hours right now. To convert this usefully to the number of atoms involved, the activity needs to be related to seconds, since 1 Curie is 3.7·10^10 decay/sec (Becquerels). So the decay constant becomes

-(lambda) = 0.1277 (hr^-1) · (1 hr/3600 sec) = 3.547·10^-5 sec^-1 .

This gives

N = (10·10^-3 Ci)·(3.7·10^10 Bq)/(3.547·10^-5 sec^-1)

= 1.04·10^13 nuclei.
 

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