What are the energy conservation principles at play in a catapult launch?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the energy conservation principles involved in a catapult launch, specifically analyzing the energy stored in a spring and its conversion into various forms of energy during the launch. The spring constant is established at 90.54 N/m, with the spring stretching from 0.09 meters to 0.225 meters. The rock's mass is 0.205 kg, and the discussion highlights the calculation of rotational energy for both the lever arm and the rock, as well as the gravitational potential energy gained. Key equations and concepts such as rotational inertia and angular velocity are also addressed, with a request for clarification on the use of symbols in the equations.

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GopherTv
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TL;DR
Im trying to calculate the velocity of a projectile on a catapult at different levels of stretch in the spring.
1653014662125.png

This is the catapult.
At equalibrium the spring is 0.09 meters in length.

1653014707384.png

When its fully stretched out its 0.225 meters long and I place a rock (0.205 kg) close to where my finger is on the catapult.

The catapult starts with this much energy because 1/2 * k * x^2
1653014854257.png

90.54 is the spring constant which I got already, 0.225 is the length of the spring and i subtract 0.09 to get the stretch from equalibrium for x.
1653014931235.png

i then subtract this because the rock slides off the lever arm before it can fully extend, 0.165 is just a random number i picked for the length of the spring when the rock slides off
.
1653015009665.png


We have this:
1653015036746.png


This energy goes to 4 things, rotational energy of the lever arm, rotational energy of the rock (since its moving in a circular motion), the gravitational potential energy gained in the rock from it's center of mass now being heigher in the air, and the same for the lever arm, it also gains potential energy.

omega for both the arm and rock will be the same since the angular velocity is same.
subscript 1 is for the lever arm; 2 is for the rock
1653015406204.png

the rotational inertia for the lever arm will be 1/3*m*r^2
and for the rock it will be mr^2
1653015336867.png
 
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1653015576698.png

I plugged in some numbers, the mass of the lever arm was 0.045 kg and its length was 0.18 meters

The mass of the rock I am launching was 0.205 kg and its distance from the pivot was 0.15 meters
 
I didn't exactly ask a question when posting, but i wanted to know if my math makes sence. i hope it does
 
Your equation makes sense but it needs a modification and a clarification.
In the last equation of post #1 you use three symbols for two masses, ##m##, ##m_1## and ##m_2##. Fix that.
In that same equation you have ##h_1## and ##h_2##. One of these is the potential energy of the lever arm. How do you figure what ##h## you use for that?
 

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