What are the forces acting on a sliding box?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on deriving the equation tan θ = µs for a box sliding down an inclined plane using a free body diagram (FBD). The FBD identifies three primary forces acting on the box: gravitational force, normal force, and frictional force. The gravitational force acts downward, while the normal and frictional forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction. The static friction coefficient (µs) is relevant when the box is on the verge of sliding, indicating that static friction is present at that critical angle of incline θ.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of free body diagrams (FBD)
  • Knowledge of Newton's laws of motion
  • Familiarity with concepts of static and kinetic friction
  • Basic trigonometry, particularly tangent functions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of forces on inclined planes in physics textbooks
  • Learn about the differences between static and kinetic friction coefficients
  • Explore applications of Newton's first law in various physical scenarios
  • Investigate the role of angles in frictional force calculations
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, educators teaching mechanics, and anyone interested in understanding the dynamics of objects on inclined planes.

SelenaT
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I was asked to draw a free body diagram to derive the equation tan θ = µs for the following situation:
A box sliding down an inclined plane.

My FBD has 3 forces
- gravitational forces pointing downward (horizontally) <-- longest vector
- normal force perpendicular to the box
- frictional force pointing in the opposite direction of the boxes movement

normal force and frictional force have vectors of the same length.
There is no kinetic or static force right? I'm not missing any forces?
 
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Firstly, what does the 's' represent? Because, otherwise you can just equate the component of the weight along the inclined plane with the normal reaction force, which should give you:
\begin{equation}
\tan \theta = \mu
\end{equation}
 
SelenaT said:
I was asked to draw a free body diagram to derive the equation tan theta = µs for the following situation:
A box sliding down an inclined plane.
If you are looking for the static friction coefficient , the box cannot be sliding down the incline. It is just on the verge of about to slide at the angle of incline theta
My FBD has 3 forces
- gravitational forces pointing downward (horizontally) <-- longest vector
gravity force always points down ...it has components down the plane and perpendicular to the plane
- normal force perpendicular to the box
- frictional force pointing in the opposite direction of the boxes movement
yes
normal force and frictional force have vectors of the same length.
There is no kinetic or static force right? I'm not missing any forces?
thats all the forces, but why should the normal and friction forces be equal in magnitude? And why do you say there is no static (friction ) force? Draw free body diagram and apply Newton1st law in the directions down and perpendicular to the plane.
 

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