mheslep said:
I slightly agree, but there's a good argument (by e.g. economist John Taylor) that says the government's involvement helped create panic and uncertainty by, e.g., Paulson going to Congress with OMG the world will end scenarios if you don't give us $1T right now.
Andrew Ross Sorkin addressed that in his book, "Too Big to Fail". The inconsistency in dealing with Bear Stearns (rescued before bankruptcy), then Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, followed by the collapsed of Lehman Bros (bankruptcy) caused a lot of turmoil in the markets.
On the other hand, the weekend Lehman went insolvent (Sep 15, 2008, at 0100 EST), Bank of America stepped into rescue Merrill Lynch (Sep 14, 2008). Merrill would have been next to file bankruptcy followed by Morgan Stanley, AIG, and probably Goldman and Citigroup, and then Wachovia and others - simply because clients and hedge funds were pulling money out of the investment banks, and their liabilities greatly exceeded their cash, and the commercial banks covered by the FDIC would have lost their loans. It was a liquidity crisis that could have blown up into a full scale crash. JP Morgan Chase and Citigroup were pressuring the investment banks for cash and collateral, but much of the collateral was fastly becoming worthless.
AIG has insured huge amounts of debts with their CDSs, but they didn't anticipate that all the CDOs and derivatives would go bad simultaneously.
Barclays might have been able to save Lehman, but they couldn't do it that weekend. They needed to work through British regs and shareholder approval. Had Lehman started a month or so earlier, they might have been saved without government intervention.
There were various attempts at deals going on during the weeks before the Lehman collapse, but the due diligence revealed 10's of billions of $ of bad assets in Lehman, Merrill, MS, GS, Citi, AIG, Wachovia, . . . . that deals couldn't get done.
Read Sorkin's book. It's stunningly surreal.
Paulson, Bernanke and Geitner had their hands tied in the beginning because they weren't set up to deal with catastrophic failure of the US financial industry.
Edit: I forgot to mention that short sellers (e.g., David Einhorn) were slamming Lehman, Merrill and other institutions. The downturn in stock hurt their capitalization and caused other financial institutions to make collateral calls. Einhorn made ton of cash off the short selling, and so did others. There were also allegations the individuals in companies like GS were talking down Lehman and others, which added to the decline in equities.