What if check: Am I calculating tension wrong?

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The discussion centers on calculating the acceleration of two connected masses over a frictionless pulley, specifically addressing the relationship between their accelerations. The correct conclusion is that the acceleration of the heavier mass (m2) is less than gravitational acceleration (a2 < g). The user initially struggles with their calculations, mistakenly applying the same formula to derive different variables. They realize that to solve for acceleration accurately, they need to isolate tension from one equation and substitute it into the other. Ultimately, the key takeaway is the importance of correctly applying Newton's second law to avoid circular reasoning in calculations.
Callista
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Homework Statement


Two objects are connected by a string that passes over a frictionless pulley, where m1<m2 and a1 and a2 are the magnitudes of the respective accelerations. Which mathematical statement is true regarding the magnitude of the acceleration a2 of the mass m2?
(a) a2<g
(b) a2>g
(c) a2=g
(d) a2<a1
(e) a2>a1

Homework Equations


F(net)=ma

The Attempt at a Solution


for m1:
F(net)=m1a
Fx=0
Fy=T-m1g=m1a1
##a1= \frac{T}{m1}-g##

for m2:
F(net)=m2a
Fx=0
Fy=-T+m2g=m2a2
##a2=g- \frac{T}{m2}<g##

Answer= (a)

While the book confirms my answer is right, I wanted to try applying my derived formulas to the situation where m1=5kg, and m2=10kg to see what the result would be. However, when I do this I run into a problem.

##a2=g- \frac{T}{m2}##
->##Fy=-T+m2g=m2a2##
->##T=m2g-m2a2##
->##a2=g- \frac{m2g-m2a2}{m2}##
->##a2=g- g+a2##
->##a2=a2##

A similar thing happens when I try to use the equation I derived for a1. What am I missing?
 
Last edited:
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Callista said:
Fy=T-m1g=0
Why =0?
 
haruspex said:
Why =0?
Sorry, looks like I mistyped that. I meant to say
->Fy=T-m1g=m1a1
->Fy=-T+m2g=m2a2
I've update my post to reflect it.

Upon reflection, I realize I was trying to use the same formula twice to solve for a new variable... Thanks for all the help.
 
Last edited:
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You have two equations each one from applying Newton's 2nd law to each body
##T-m_1g=m_1a_1##
##m_2g-T=m_2a_2##

You have to solve for tension from the one equation and replace the tension into the other equation. If you solve for tension from one equation and replace it into the same equation it is a simple mathematical consequence that you will end up with conclusions of the form ##a_i=a_i##.
 
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Thread 'Correct statement about size of wire to produce larger extension'
The answer is (B) but I don't really understand why. Based on formula of Young Modulus: $$x=\frac{FL}{AE}$$ The second wire made of the same material so it means they have same Young Modulus. Larger extension means larger value of ##x## so to get larger value of ##x## we can increase ##F## and ##L## and decrease ##A## I am not sure whether there is change in ##F## for first and second wire so I will just assume ##F## does not change. It leaves (B) and (C) as possible options so why is (C)...

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