What is secondary active transport?

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SUMMARY

Secondary active transport is a mechanism where one molecule moves down its concentration gradient, facilitating the transport of another molecule against its gradient without direct ATP usage. The energy required for this process is derived from the electrochemical gradient established by ATP, as exemplified by the SGLT1 glucose transporter protein. This transporter moves sodium ions (Na+) in the direction of their electrochemical gradient while simultaneously transporting glucose against its concentration gradient.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of membrane transport mechanisms
  • Knowledge of electrochemical gradients
  • Familiarity with the SGLT1 glucose transporter protein
  • Basic concepts of ATP and energy transfer in biological systems
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  • Research the role of ATP in establishing electrochemical gradients
  • Study the mechanisms of different types of membrane transport proteins
  • Explore the physiological significance of SGLT1 in glucose absorption
  • Learn about other examples of secondary active transport in cellular processes
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Students and professionals in biology, biochemistry, and physiology, particularly those interested in cellular transport mechanisms and energy utilization in cells.

sameeralord
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Hello,

Ok I researched it but I don't understand. What I understand is that when one molecule normally diffuses(high to low) another molecule from a (low to high gradient) attaches to the carrier protein. How does this molecule attach without ATP? I don't get it. Any help would be appreciated. I'm talking about membrane transport of course!
 
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Im not sure which part of the mechanism are you not understanding, but the general idea is quit simple. ATP energy is spent to create concentration and possible also electrical gradient for one substance across cell membrane and the other substance is transported together with the first substance by using this stored energy. Good example is SGLT1 glucose transporter protein, that moves Na+ ions in the direction of their electrochemical gradient and glucose molecules against their concentration gradient. Energy for this still comes from ATP, but is stored as electrochemical gradient and then its used for transport purpose.
 

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