What is the 5th State of Matter? Understanding the Fifth State of Matter

[lakshmi]

what is the 5th state of matter
can aybody explain it

 

[wolverine]

You must know the 3 states of matter: liquid,solid,gaz, but at height temerature, you can also find a state called plasma(electrons are free)

The fifth state of matter you're talking about might be the QGP (Quarks and GLuon PLasma).

Scientists believe that QGP is a state where quarks are free (T = 170 Mev and epsilon = 3 GeV per fm^3), as during the first second of our universe.

Many experiments are runing now to prove its existence in Berkeley and Geneva...

I hope it's answers your question ...

Regards

 

[Hurkyl]

He might be talking about Bose-Einstein condensate.

 

[humanino]

Unfortunately, it is rather difficult to guess !
google "fifth state of matter"
If you please lakshmi, be more specific.

 

[rayveldkamp]

I did a 2nd year undergrad uni course in statistical mechanics this semester, and we touched on Bose-Einstein condensation, just by deriving certain temperatures etc.
We were told that the first experimental evidence of B-E condensation was in 1995 where Rubidium atoms were cooled to something like 4x10^-3 K, by using "laser traps"
How does this work?

 

[Entropy]

Well, basically you have lasers that hit a group of atoms from all sides and inhibit their movement, effectively dropping their temperature.

 

[loandbehold]

I did a 2nd year undergrad uni course in statistical mechanics this semester, and we touched on Bose-Einstein condensation, just by deriving certain temperatures etc.
We were told that the first experimental evidence of B-E condensation was in 1995 where Rubidium atoms were cooled to something like 4x10^-3 K, by using "laser traps"
How does this work?

Actually, it's much colder- something like 10^{-7} K is more typical.

As for how they did it, take a look at http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/bec/index.html . which provides an easy introduction.

 

[dextercioby]

You must know the 3 states of matter: liquid,solid,gaz, but at height temerature, you can also find a state called plasma(electrons are free)

The fifth state of matter you're talking about might be the QGP (Quarks and GLuon PLasma).

Scientists believe that QGP is a state where quarks are free (T = 170 Mev and epsilon = 3 GeV per fm^3), as during the first second of our universe.

Many experiments are runing now to prove its existence in Berkeley and Geneva...

I hope it's answers your question ...

Regards

My opinion is that QGP is not anything different than ordinary Fermions+Photons plasma.You just need higher temperatures and energies go get the former.If such a plasma is obtained,then it should be regarded as a confirmation of the Standard Model,just like more "normal" plasma is.

 

[wolverine]

Hi

I'm agree with you, dextercioby, when you sau that the discovery of QGP will confirm the power of the standart model, but I don't believe it's like a normal plasma.

In QGP, quarks are free, and calculations with lattice QCD show us that there where a phase transition (sign of new state of matter) during the creation of such a plasma.

See you

 

[sameerpaisari]

is there anything called the supercool state of matter or something..something that happens when water is 0 deg celsius in kelvin temp..?

 

[Dickfore]

is there anything called the supercool state of matter or something..something that happens when water is 0 deg celsius in kelvin temp..?

Ohhh, you are referring to a supercooled liquid. That's still the liquid phase. The only issue is, it exists below the freezing temperature and it is unstable. A small center of crystalization (like a grain of sand or another impurity) will cause the whole water to freeze.

 

[brother time]

I thought that Quark-Gluon Plasma was the 7th state?
Isn't the Einstein-Bose condensate the 5th?
I know that water can occasionally get to be -10 degrees Celsius without freezing.
cheers, BT

 

[tlr280]

There was a nice program on Nova (pbs channel) channel on TV. that covered what you are asking about.

This program discussed a substrate that is formed when elements are cooled to near zero degree K. The particles do not act as separate elements but seem to form a common matter that acts unlike the individual element.

The program mentioned California Berkley as being the 1st site to produce it. They referred to it as the Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC)

here is a link that I found http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/physics/ultracold-atoms.html

I found this to be really interesting as my kids science books do not even mention this 5th matter.