What is the Cause of Nearsightedness?

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SUMMARY

Nearsightedness, or myopia, is primarily caused by the lens losing its elasticity, preventing it from flexing back to a flat configuration for distant focus. This condition can also result from the eye muscles being locked in a contracted state, restricting the lens's ability to relax. Both factors can contribute to nearsightedness, indicating a complex interplay between the lens's physical properties and muscle function. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for addressing myopia effectively.

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  • Understanding of basic optics principles
  • Knowledge of the anatomy of the eye, specifically the lens and ciliary muscles
  • Familiarity with myopia and its common causes
  • Basic biology terminology related to vision
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  • Research the role of ciliary muscles in eye accommodation
  • Explore treatments for myopia, including corrective lenses and surgical options
  • Learn about the effects of prolonged near work on eye health
  • Investigate recent studies on the elasticity of the lens in relation to myopia
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This discussion is beneficial for optometrists, ophthalmologists, students in vision science, and anyone interested in understanding the physiological causes of nearsightedness.

Jarfi
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I have become nearsighted after too much reading/computer staring. And obviously it is because my eyes are spending most time focused at <=80cm distance.

Now my physics teacher said when in optics that nearsightedness was caused by the lens being permacurved, so that it could not flex back to it's flat configuration due to being held curved for so long. Somewhat like a spring that has lost it's ability to flex back due to some chemistry reasons.

This is fully logical, nothing wrong with that but then I read another explanation online;

Nearsightedness is caused by the muscles being locked in place, so that they cannot "relax" to let the lens is restricted in a flexed state by the eye muscles. But if the muscles were to relax the lens would automatically go to it's normal state and you would focus on the distance.

Now my question is, which of the following is correct:

i) nearsightedness is caused by the lens having lost it's elasticity and ability to flex to a long distance focus point when no force acts upon it.

ii) Nearsightedness is caused by the focus muscles that act on the lens being permanently locked and unable to relax to allow the lens to relax itself.

iii) Nearsightedness is or can be caused by ii), i) or both ii) and i) at the same time.

I excuse my lack of biological terms, STEM guy here.
 
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