What is the Energy Transmitted by a Plane EM Wave Passing Through a Window?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the energy transmitted by a plane electromagnetic (EM) wave through a window, given the electric field equation E(z,t) = 50î cos[wt-kz] with w = 6 x 1015 and k = 2 x 107. The amplitude of the magnetic field H was determined to be 0.13 A/m using the relationship H = B/μ0. The energy transmitted in 30 seconds through a 2m x 3m window was calculated as 0.597 kJ for normal incidence and 0.517 kJ for oblique incidence at a 30-degree angle.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Maxwell's equations, specifically curl E = dB/dt
  • Knowledge of electromagnetic wave properties, including the relationship between electric and magnetic fields
  • Familiarity with the Poynting vector and energy transmission calculations
  • Basic proficiency in trigonometry for angle calculations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and applications of the Poynting vector in electromagnetic theory
  • Learn about the implications of oblique incidence on wave transmission and reflection
  • Explore the properties of electromagnetic waves in different media
  • Investigate the effects of varying window dimensions on energy transmission
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Students and professionals in physics, electrical engineering, and anyone involved in the study of electromagnetic waves and their applications in real-world scenarios.

Wesley Strik
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Homework Statement


In free space, the electric field of a plane EM wave is given by: E(z,t)= 50î cos[wt-kz]
where w= 6 x 10^15
and k=2x10^7
(A) calculate the amplitude of the magnetic field H
How much energy does this wave transmit in 30s when it passes through a window of dimensions 2mx3m if the EM wave is incident:
(b) normally on the window
(c) obliquely at an angle of 30 degrees with respect to the window normal

Homework Equations


Maxwell:
curl E= dB/dt
--------------- relation H and B---
H=B/mu0
mu0=4pi x 10 ^-7
----------------------------------------

The Attempt at a Solution


For (A) I relate the two fields via the Maxwell curl E= dB/dt which yields:
50k j cos(wt-kz) = w B
such that B= 50k/w cos (wt-kz)
the amplitude becomes 50k/w=(10^9)/(6x10^15)= 1/6 x 10^-6
now relate this to H=B/mu0 ---> (1/6 x 10^-6)/(4pi x 10^-7)= (10/6) / (4pi) =0.13 A/m

did I d (A) correclty, does the outcome make sense?
Also, I have no clue how to do (b) and (c)?
 
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Okay so I found an equation for the average energy of a plane wave:

<S>= Em2/(2 c μ0) where c is the speed of light, mu the magnetic permeability of free space, Em=50 in this case. <S> is the averaged Poyting vector, such that ENERGY=<S> *area* time, which gives me, when I plug in the numbers: (area =3x2, t=30s)

for (b) I get: 0.597 kJ
for (c) I get: Cos[π/6] *0.859=0.517 kJ

*** I checked my Bm field of (a) by checking that Em/Bm=c=3x10^8, which it did, so I assume I can divide by mu naught correctly
 
Last edited:

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