What is the impact of proton differences on element properties?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on how differences in the number of protons in elements affect their properties, specifically using gold and mercury as examples. The number of protons determines the number of electrons, which are crucial in chemical reactions that lead to varying properties such as color and texture. The conversation highlights the complexity of these interactions, suggesting that a comprehensive understanding requires a foundational knowledge of chemistry. The inquiry reflects a common confusion among laypersons regarding the role of electrons in defining elemental characteristics.

PREREQUISITES
  • Basic understanding of atomic structure, including protons and electrons
  • Familiarity with chemical reactions and their role in determining element properties
  • Knowledge of periodic table trends and elemental classification
  • Concept of electron configuration and its impact on chemical behavior
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the periodic table and its significance in predicting element properties
  • Learn about electron configuration and its influence on chemical reactivity
  • Explore the differences between metals and nonmetals in terms of atomic structure
  • Investigate the principles of chemical bonding and how they relate to elemental properties
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Students of chemistry, educators, and anyone interested in understanding the fundamental principles that govern elemental properties and behaviors.

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A difference in protons...

Im not sure weather this is a pure chemistry question or if it has to do with physics as well so i posted in both forums...please don't hate me.

How does a difference in the number of protons in an element lead to such a difference in the properties (color, texture, form, etc.) of elements? I.E Gold and Mercury. This question has been driving me crazy and I would really appreciate any answers. Thank You.
 
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Atoms are neutral, so the number of protons determines the number of electrons, and the electrons partricipate in chemical reactions.
 


Vanadium 50 said:
Atoms are neutral, so the number of protons determines the number of electrons, and the electrons partricipate in chemical reactions.

Thanks for the reply. I should have explained that I am a layman in the field... How do the electrons "participate" in chemical reactions that lead to such a diversity of properties :confused:. How does the one extra electron in mercury make it so different from gold?
 


Essentially, that question is "what is chemistry", and takes a textbook to explain.
 
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