What is the internal energy of 8.0 g of argon gas at a temperature of 100 K?

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SUMMARY

The internal energy of 8.0 g of argon gas at a temperature of 100 K is calculated using the formula U = (3/2)NKT, where N is the number of molecules. Given the molar mass of argon as 4.0 x 10-2 kg and the Boltzmann constant as 1.38 x 10-23 J kg-1, the internal energy is determined to be 248.4 J. An alternative approach using U = (3/2)nRT could have simplified the calculation, yielding the same result. This discussion emphasizes the importance of understanding both molecular and molar calculations in thermodynamics.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the ideal gas law (pV = nRT or pV = NKT)
  • Knowledge of the Boltzmann constant (1.38 x 10-23 J kg-1)
  • Familiarity with the concept of internal energy in thermodynamics
  • Ability to convert grams to moles using molar mass (4.0 x 10-2 kg for argon)
NEXT STEPS
  • Learn about the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy in gases
  • Study the derivation and application of the ideal gas law
  • Explore the differences between molecular and molar calculations in thermodynamics
  • Investigate the implications of the Boltzmann constant in statistical mechanics
USEFUL FOR

Students studying thermodynamics, physics enthusiasts, and anyone seeking to understand the internal energy calculations of gases, particularly in academic settings.

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Homework Statement


Argon is a monatomic gas for which all the internal energy of the molecules may be considered to
be translational kinetic energy.
Molar mass of argon = 4.0 x 10-2
kg.
The Boltzmann constant = 1.38 x 10-23 J kg-1
.
The Avogadro constant = 6.02 x 1023 mol-1
.
Calculate the internal energy of 8.0 g of argon gas at a temperature of 100 K.


Homework Equations



pV=nRT or pV=NKT

U=3/2NKT

The Attempt at a Solution


So far I'm assuming you need U=3/2NKT

We know that 1 mol = 4x10^-2 Kg

So i did 0.008/4x10^2 = 0.2

0.2 x Avagardo's Constant = 1.204x10^23

And subbed that into U=3/2NKT as N

The final answer I got was as U was 248.4J

To be honest i have no clue what I did as its been so long since I've done Physics.

Thanks for any help or any pointers in the right direction.
 
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That looks correct. By the way, since you calculated the amount of argon in moles, you could've used U=3/2nRT instead of calculating N, but the result is the same.
 

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