What Is the Minimum Speed for a Stone to Stay Taut in a Vertical Circle?

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SUMMARY

The minimum speed required for a stone tied to a string of length l to maintain tension while moving in a vertical circle is derived using principles of energy conservation and centripetal force. At the top of the circle, the stone must have sufficient kinetic energy to counteract gravitational potential energy, leading to the equation v = sqrt(4gl). This calculation assumes the string is rigid and massless, focusing on the conditions necessary for the stone to remain in circular motion without slack in the string.

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  • Understanding of kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy
  • Familiarity with centripetal force concepts
  • Basic knowledge of conservation of energy principles
  • Ability to manipulate algebraic equations
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  • Study the implications of tension in circular motion
  • Explore variations in string mass and elasticity on circular motion
  • Learn about the dynamics of objects in vertical circular motion
  • Investigate real-world applications of centripetal force in engineering
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Physics students, educators, and anyone interested in mechanics, particularly those studying circular motion and energy conservation principles.

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Homework Statement



A stone is tied to a string of length l. Someone whirls the stone in a vertical circle. Assume that the energy of the stone remains constant as it moves around the circle. Calculate the minimum speed that the stone must have at the bottom of the circle, if the string is to remain taut at the top of the circle

Homework Equations



Equations that I'm sure are relevant:

Kinetic energy = 1/2*m*v^2
Gravitational potential energy = mgh

Equations that are probably relevant:

Centripetal force = (m*v^2)/r

The Attempt at a Solution



Taking the zero of potential energy at the bottom of the circle.

At the top, kinetic energy = 0, gravitational potential = mg(2l) [as 2l] is the height above the bottom of the circle.

At the bottom, kinetic energy = 1/2*m*v^2. gravitational potential = 0.

Conservation of energy gives:

2mgl = 0.5*m*v^2
4gl = v^2
---> v=sqrt(4gl)

I'm not sure if my method is right or not. I'd really appreciate it if someone could have a quick look and point out any mistakes if they can see any. Cheers :)
 
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Looks fine to me. :smile:
 
You did it like the string was rigid and massless, so you found speed with witch stone just reach top of the circle and stays there (very complicated thing in real world ;] ). The question, however, is different i think - (I don't know English well) - its like what minimum speed at the bottom must be so stone keeps moving in circle of radius L with minimum tension on the string
 

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