What Trajectory Would a Proton Follow Near a Fixed Positively Charged Particle?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the trajectory of a proton near a fixed positively charged particle, emphasizing that the only possible orbits under an inverse square centripetal force are conic sections, specifically hyperbolas in this scenario. The participants agree that due to the nature of the force being anti-parallel to the radius vector, no bound orbits exist, and the path of the proton is highly sensitive to initial conditions. The conclusion drawn is that the proton will follow a hyperbolic trajectory, transitioning from straight-line motion to a curved path upon interaction with the charged particle.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of inverse square law in physics
  • Familiarity with conic sections, particularly hyperbolas
  • Basic knowledge of electrostatics and charged particle interactions
  • Concept of initial conditions in dynamical systems
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of hyperbolic trajectories in classical mechanics
  • Explore the mathematical derivation of conic sections from central force problems
  • Investigate the effects of varying initial conditions on particle trajectories
  • Learn about the implications of electrostatic forces on particle motion
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Physicists, students of classical mechanics, and anyone interested in particle dynamics and electrostatics will benefit from this discussion.

Nabeshin
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I know it's relatively easy to show that the only possible orbits given an inverse square centripetal force relation are conic sections, of which the only stable orbits are ellipses. However, I was wondering what the situation would be given a centrifugal force (really a misnomer, since it wouldn't follow anything like a circular trajectory) but basically something in a situation like this:

Fixed positively charged particle and proton flying nearby.

In this situation the force is always anti parallel to the radius vector. Obviously there is no bound orbit for this situation, and I'm thinking the type of path is going to be highly sensitive to initial conditions, but before I waste time working over the problem I figure I'd ask if any of you have insight into it (or have done anything similar).

Cheers!
 
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Due to the inverse square relationship, I believe it will still be a conic section - in this case, the only sensible one - a hyperbola.

In fact, a hyperbola makes good physical sense here. Far away, the thing moves in a straight line, then when it collides it has a large curvature, then it quickly gets back down to "asymptotic", straight-line behavior.

That's my guess.
 

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