When is the kernel of a linear operator closed?

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SUMMARY

The kernel of a bounded linear operator between two Hausdorff topological vector spaces is always closed if the operator is continuous. Specifically, if T: V → W is continuous and W is Hausdorff, then T^{-1}({0}) is closed. The confusion arises from the provisos found in various sources, such as Wikipedia, which state that the target space must be finite-dimensional. This is due to the fact that the theorem is an "if and only if" statement, where the closure of the kernel implies continuity only in finite-dimensional spaces.

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  • Understanding of bounded linear operators
  • Knowledge of Hausdorff topological vector spaces
  • Familiarity with continuity in the context of linear mappings
  • Basic concepts of linear algebra, particularly kernels
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Mathematicians, students of functional analysis, and anyone studying linear algebra who seeks to understand the properties of linear operators and their kernels in various topological contexts.

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If you consider a bounded linear operator between two Hausdorff topological vector spaces, isn't the kernel *always* closed? I mean, if you assume singleton sets are closed, then the set \{0\} in the image is closed, so that means T^{-1}(\{0\}) is closed, right (since T is assumed continuous)? I keep finding these weird provisos all over the Internet (see, for instance, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(linear_algebra )) that require the target space to be finite-dimensional, and I don't see why this is a necessary hypothesis.
 
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You are right, if T:V\rightarrow W is continuous and if W is Hausdorff, then T^{-1}({0}) is always closed.

Why the weird proviso's like finite-dimensional? Well, because the result in the wiki is an iff statement. So the statement in the theorem also says that if T^{-1}(\{0\}) is closed, then T is continuous. This is not true in general but only if W is finite dimensional!
 

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