Where are carbo-cations formed in this nucleophilic substitution reaction?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the formation of carbo-cations during a nucleophilic substitution reaction involving HBr and methoxide ions. The initial step involves the addition of HBr, where hydrogen attacks the double bonds, leading to the formation of the most stable carbo-cation based on the stability of primary, secondary, or tertiary carbons. The second step involves a nucleophilic substitution reaction with methoxide ions following the initial addition of HBr.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of nucleophilic substitution reactions
  • Knowledge of carbo-cation stability (primary, secondary, tertiary)
  • Familiarity with the behavior of HBr in organic reactions
  • Basic concepts of reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the mechanism of nucleophilic substitution reactions in detail
  • Learn about the stability of carbo-cations and factors affecting it
  • Explore the role of methoxide ions in nucleophilic substitutions
  • Investigate the effects of different halogens in similar reactions
USEFUL FOR

Chemistry students, organic chemists, and anyone studying reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry will benefit from this discussion.

Oblivion77
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Homework Statement


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The Attempt at a Solution



I'm confused on what is happening in this reaction, and where carbo-cations are being formed. Any help would be great. Thanks.
 
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What would you expect to happen in the first step, when HBr is added?
 
PhaseShifter said:
What would you expect to happen in the first step, when HBr is added?

Well The H would attack the double bonds and form the most stable carbo-cation?
 
Correct. So what remains is determining whether the ends of each double bond are primary, secondary, or tertiary carbons to determine the relative stabilities of carbocations.

Once you know where the hydrogen and bromine go, you move on to the second step, which is a nucleophilic substitution using methoxide ions.
 
PhaseShifter said:
Correct. So what remains is determining whether the ends of each double bond are primary, secondary, or tertiary carbons to determine the relative stabilities of carbocations.

Once you know where the hydrogen and bromine go, you move on to the second step, which is a nucleophilic substitution using methoxide ions.

Thanks for the help, I understand the first step and where the bromine's attach to. What exactly is happening in the second step with the methoxide ions?
 
Nucleophilic substitution.
 

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