Where does photon energy go in universe expansion?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the question of where photon energy goes during the expansion of the universe, particularly in the context of cosmology and general relativity. Participants explore the implications of photon energy loss over long distances and the theoretical frameworks that address this phenomenon.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant asserts that photons lose energy when traveling long distances and questions where that energy goes, seeking theoretical explanations.
  • Another participant claims that energy is simply lost and notes that there is no global conservation of energy in general relativity, referencing an external article for support.
  • A different viewpoint challenges the notion of photons losing energy, suggesting that this description is dubious and relates to discredited theories like 'tired light.' They argue that energy conservation does not apply to the universe as a whole and that observations can be explained without assuming photon energy loss.
  • A later reply highlights that while some cosmologists believe photons lose energy, this loss is not necessarily due to long-distance travel, which they associate with outdated theories.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express multiple competing views regarding the energy of photons in the context of cosmic expansion. There is no consensus on whether photons lose energy or how to interpret the implications of energy conservation in general relativity.

Contextual Notes

The discussion reflects differing interpretations of energy conservation in cosmological contexts and the validity of various theories related to photon behavior over cosmic distances. Some assumptions regarding the nature of energy loss and the applicability of certain theories remain unresolved.

samsara15
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[Moderator's note: Spun off from another thread, where it was off topic. Please start a new thread when you have questions on a new topic.]

Photons lose energy when they travel long distances. Where does that energy go? What happens to that energy? Is there any theory regarding this?
 
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I would add that photons losing energy as they travel long distances is a dubious description of the relation between CMB frequency today and versus when the universe was very young. In fact many completely wrong theories are build on concepts of 'tired light' which it almost sounds like you are describing. In fact, as the article bapowell links notes, it is not even necessary to view any photon, ever, as losing energy to correctly explain all observations, including that energy conservation does not apply to the whole universe, or the current CMB frequency distribution.
 
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Note, in relation to the OP, that the article Bapowell linked says the following:

"According to the author, the
proper interpretation shows
that the energy of individual
photons is conserved. And
phenomena taking place
inside the galaxy generally
conserve energy."

I would add that while I lean towards Tamara's viewpoint, many cosmologists would say the photon really does lose energy, but not from traveling a long distance - which smacks of discredited tired light theories.
 
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