Why does electromagnetic induction occur?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the question of why electromagnetic induction occurs, particularly the underlying reasons for the phenomenon of a changing magnetic flux inducing an electric current. Participants explore theoretical explanations and the nature of scientific understanding in this context.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses curiosity about the fundamental reasons behind electromagnetic induction, comparing it to the known effects of gravity without understanding its cause.
  • Another participant explains that a changing magnetic field causes charges to move in conducting wires, resulting in current.
  • A later reply notes that while Faraday's law and Ampere's law describe electromagnetic induction, they do not provide a fundamental explanation for why it occurs, likening it to the question of why gravity exists.
  • It is mentioned that the laws governing electromagnetic induction are axiomatic and not derived from more fundamental principles, indicating a level of uncertainty about the foundational reasons for the phenomenon.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that while the effects of electromagnetic induction can be described and predicted mathematically, the fundamental reasons for its occurrence remain unresolved and are a topic of philosophical inquiry.

Contextual Notes

Participants acknowledge the limitations of current understanding, particularly the lack of a deeper theoretical framework explaining why electromagnetic induction occurs, similar to the unresolved nature of gravity's cause.

bgorm
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I understand what electromagnetic induction is and its applications. However, I don't understand why this occurs- is there an explanation for why a changing magnetic flux induces an electric current?

Thanks
 
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Hi bgorm! Welcome to PF! :smile:

A changing magnetic field will make any charge move … conducting wires are full of electrons, which have charge, so they move, which is current. :wink:
 
Hi

Thanks for your reply. I understand what you are saying. My question is more do physicists know why this occurs. For example, physicists know about the effects of gravity but don't understand what causes it. I was curious if this is also true for electromagnetic induction.

Thanks
 
bgorm, the faraday's law u stated was first experimentally observed & was theoretically explained more than a century later by quantum electrodynamics. (a graduate level course). there's no simpler explanation.
similar to that of a moving charge producing a magnetic field.

u were right about knowing the effects of gravity but not knowing their cause. there is no quantum theory of gravity yet & this is a topic many researchers are pondering over.
fortunately we have a quantum thory for EM - quantum electrodynamics.
 
EMI is described by 2 laws, Ampere & Faraday. AL relates the flux with the currents, & FL relates the flux with the voltages. In addition, the law of Lenz plays an important role, as well as conservation of energy & Ohm's law, which are universal.

These laws are axioms, meaning that they are not derived from anything more fundamental. Lorentz later published his force equations which describe the force acting on an individual charge in the presence of E & B fields.

We know that e/m induction takes place, & we can predict its behavior mathematically, but I don't think anyone can say WHY. It's like asking why gravity exists, or why electrons & protons have charge while neutrons don't. It just happens to be that way. Sorry if that is not the answer you are looking for, but that is quite a tough question.

Claude
 

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