Electromagnetic induction Definition and 56 Discussions

Electromagnetic or magnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field.
Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of induction in 1831, and James Clerk Maxwell mathematically described it as Faraday's law of induction. Lenz's law describes the direction of the induced field. Faraday's law was later generalized to become the Maxwell–Faraday equation, one of the four Maxwell equations in his theory of electromagnetism.
Electromagnetic induction has found many applications, including electrical components such as inductors and transformers, and devices such as electric motors and generators.

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  1. Manuel12

    Magnets with Halbach array in an AC generator

    As a project, I am demonstrating electromagnetic induction by making an AC generator. The magnets I currently have access to are very strong neodymimium countersunk magnets, but I noticed that they utilise a Halbach array. I am aware that this means the magnet has alternating N-S poles spaced...
    • Manuel12
    • Thread
    • Ac generator Elecrtomagnetism Electromagnetic induction Magnet field Magnetic flux
    • Replies: 6
    • Forum: Electrical Engineering
  2. P

    Induced EMF due to motion of a wire perpendicular to a magnetic field

    This question appeared in a university entrance exam.Basically, if magnetic flux passing through a surface of a loop changes over time ,only then e.m.f will be induced to that loop.But here only a straight line is used and there's no chance of forming any area.So by definition there's no chance...
  3. L

    Conducting rod in equilibrium due to magnetic force

    I am having problems understanding point (b) so I would like to know if my reasoning in that part is correct and/or how to think about that part because I don't see how to justify the assumption ##v_y=0\ m/s##. Thanks. I set up the ##xyz## coordinates system in the usual way with ##xy## in the...
  4. ayans2495

    Faraday's Law of Induction

  5. billyt_

    Experimental investigation of Faraday's Law of Induction

    Looking at how the induced EMF is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux, intuitively it seems that if I increase the velocity of the magnet through the solenoid, i.e. drop it from a higher height, the EMF should increase as well. However, I am unsure if this is true and can't seem...
  6. J

    Solenoid pendulum frequency

    The flux enclosed by the loop consisting of the solenoid, wires and conducting rod at an angle θ is Φ = blBsinθ, then using small angle approximations and differentiating the induced emf can be found. I know that there must be some torque opposing the motion but am unsure how to proceed.
  7. patric44

    I What is the origin of Lorenz force?

    hi guys one of my friends asked me about the origin of the electromagnetic induction, I know somehow that its related to the Lorenz force as the electrons in the conduction band of say the coil interact with the magnetic field ,which results in separation of electrons and positive ions which...
  8. Narayanan KR

    A Question on Skin Effect and Eddy Currents

    When you try to create time varying magnetic fields in solid metals, there is severe heating due to eddy currents, when you increase the frequency, just like in NDT(non destructive testing) the magnetic field is pushed away from the core to the periphery due to eddy currents opposing the field...
  9. Narayanan KR

    Interesting Links Between Faraday's EM Induction and EPR

    Imagine a magnet moving up and down so that its flux 'B' cuts the copper rod to produce an alternating emf, suppose if the movement is fast enough such that its frequency equals to the electron spin resonance frequency given by F = B x 2.8 Mhz per gauss, neglecting skin effect, more copper...
  10. Narayanan KR

    Orientation of Electric Fields in a Bucking Coil Setup

  11. Narayanan KR

    An Interesting Question on Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction

    On examining Maxwell's third equation which is about time varying magnetic fields (Faraday's electromagnetic induction) we find that time varying magnetic fields produce loops of electric fields in space irrespective of whether a coil is present or not, if any coil is present then these loops of...
    • Narayanan KR
    • Thread
    • classical field theory electromagetic field electromagnetic induction faraday law maxwells equations
    • Replies: 11
    • Forum: Electromagnetism
  12. L

    Maximum Induced Voltage of an AC Generator

    I would like to ask a question about the induced voltage of an AC generator. So, according to a graph I found on Google, the maximum induced voltage is reached when the loop is parallel to the loop. (The graph shown below.) Then I was wondering, what if the loop is initially (when it is at 0...
  13. C

    Is there a difference between Faraday’s induction experiments?

    Faraday first demonstrated his law of induction by showing that when he created a current in one wire coil it created a second current in a second coil. Another experiment showed the same effect. When he moved a magnet through a wire coil, it created a current in the coil. My question is this...
  14. KarlsShwarzschild

    Electromagnetic induction (finding ΔΦ).

  15. nomadreid

    E-M fields mutual induction in E-M radiation

    In electromagnetic radiation, the electric field and the magnetic field mutually induce each other: but my impression is that it would be better to say that they are two aspects of the same wave, so that there is no time between them. However, an alternative would be that there would be that...
    • nomadreid
    • Thread
    • electromagnetic induction fields electromagnetic waves
    • Replies: 15
    • Forum: Thermodynamics
  16. I

    Electromagnetism EMF induction calculations

    A square conducting loop of side length a is in a non-uniform magnetic field. The loop occupies the first quadrant of the xy plane, i.e. the space between the origin (x, y) = (0,0) and the point (x,y) = (a, a). The magnetic field is in the +z direction. Develop an expression for the magnitude of...
  17. U

    Current induced from a changing magnetic field

    This question is motivated by Problem 7.12 in Griffiths Electrodynamics book. I have not included it in the homework section, because I have already solved it correctly. However, I question whether my solution which agrees with the solution's manual is correct. Relevant Equations: $$\Phi =...
    • unified
    • Thread
    • electrodynamics electromagetism electromagnetic induction
    • Replies: 2
    • Forum: Electromagnetism
  18. Physics lover

    Amount of magnetic energy stored in a cylinder

    I first calculated Magnetic field at a distance x using Ampere's law.Then i took an element and wrote its inductance using L=Flux/Current. Then i integrated from a to b. But i arrived at nothing. Help.
  19. TOUHID11

    Constructing an equation for the induced EMF in terms of the radius of the circular loop

    In order to calculate for the curl of the induced electric field for a loop moving in a uniform magnetic field, and using the cylindrical coordinate system for a curl, it's my understanding that since the B field is in the 𝑧̂ direction, then so is the partial time derivative of B, and therefore...
  20. christang_1023

    Understand Faraday's Law and Lenz' Law

    Above is an example figure. 2. When a ring in a changing magnetic field is not complete (i.e. open circuit with a small gap), how to analyze the emf of the ring? According to the general form of Faraday's law, ## \oint \vec{E} \cdot d \vec{s} = -\frac{d \Phi}{dt} ##, I deduce that although it...
  21. N

    Challenging question about electromagnetic induction

    Homework Statement I have been stuck on this for weeks Homework Equations ∫E.dl = -dφ/dt The Attempt at a Solution Total EMF (V) = -dφ/dt (Where φ is the magnetic flux through the loop) ⇒V = -A(dB/dt) (Since Area remains constant) ⇒V = -Ax (x=dB/dt) ⇒V = -2xl^2 I do not know how to proceed.
  22. J

    The direction of induced current and magnetic field produced

    Homework Statement The figure below shows a small circular loop of wire in the plane of a long, straight wire that carries a steady current I upward. If the loop is moved from distance x_2 to distance x_1 from the straight wire, what will be the direction of the induced current in the loop and...
  23. T

    Difference between Vav and Vrms

    Homework Statement [/B] I encountered this problem during my exam. A coil of 50 turns, each with area 0.02m2 is rotated in a uniform magnetic field of magnitude 0.4T. The coil is rotated at a frequency of 60Hz. Given the average power generated is 50W, what is the resistance of the wire...
  24. Y

    Why does Fleming's right hand rule apply for induced current

    I know that the right hand rule applies for induced currents, and the left hand rule is for motors, but why? It doesn't seem to connect with any other physics laws and is very counter-intuitive that the current will flow in one direction rather than the opposite direction if both are...
    • YourBoy
    • Thread
    • electricity electromagnetic induction electromagnetism magnetic field
    • Replies: 8
    • Forum: Electromagnetism
  25. S

    Electric Field induced by a Magnetic Field inside a Solenoid

    • shj
    • Thread
    • electric field electromagnetic induction faraday's law magnetic flux
    • Replies: 2
    • Forum: Electromagnetism
  26. S

    I Phase differences in Transformers

    How is the phase difference between the current in the primary coil and induced e.m.f. in the secondary coil be 90*??
  27. V

    Doubt in electromagnetic induction

    Homework Statement suppose a coil is placed in a changing magnetic field and the circuit is not closed will the current induce in the coil Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution What I thought was that the current flows only in a closed circuit because it needs a potential difference...
  28. Pushoam

    Induced electric field

    Homework Statement Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution The emf gets induced due to the changing flux. The flux through the rod remains 0. So, there is no induced emf. I don’t know how to calculate induced electric field. But as there is no induced emf, so there is no induced...
  29. A

    Magnetic/electromagnetic induction

    Suppose there is a coil around a C-shaped iron core with a dipole magnet in the gap as shown in the dynamo below. As the magnet is spinning, in order to oppose the force, a changing pole is produced in the iron. (Eg. As N-pole approaches the iron core, a north pole is induced to oppose the...
    • awpbash
    • Thread
    • electromagnetic induction magnetic induction
    • Replies: 1
    • Forum: Electromagnetism
  30. Toby_phys

    The slowing down of a Farady disc

    Homework Statement A homopolar generator consists of a metal disc of radius ##a## and a central axle which has radius ##a/4##. The disc has resistivity ##\rho## and thickness ##t##. It is rotated in a uniform magnetic field ##B## about an axis through the centre, which is parallel to ##B## and...
  31. F

    Electromagnetic induction

    Homework Statement We have a coil with cross-sectional area of 2.4m^2. Magnetic flux density is of 0.29T Number of turns are 1. Initially the coil is parallel to magnetic field lines. (Coil's normal vector is perpendicular to field vector) Calculate the change in magnetic flux when coil is...
  32. C

    Flux through rim created by moving circuit and induced EMF

    In Purcell- Electricty and Magnetism book, in the chapter on electromagnetic induction, I found the following explanation regarding the magnetic flux through a circuit of area ##S##. Consider the circuit in figure, moving in a time ##dt## in a magnetic field ##B##, constant in time (but not...
    • crick
    • Thread
    • current electromagnetic induction electromagnetism flux magnetic
    • Replies: 0
    • Forum: Electromagnetism
  33. A

    B EMF in a straight conductor

    I just read in my textbook that it is impossible to harness electricity from the induced emf if the velocity of a conductor is parallel to its straight length. Let me elucidate further: a magnetic field goes into the page and a straight conductor is moved straight down or up (perpendicular to...
  34. hackhard

    Graphite electromagnetic induction

    since graphite conducts. if spiral shape is drawn with pencil on the wall (thick , dark lines) will a voltage difference appear between inner and outer end of the spiral when a varying magnetic field is switched on, normal to wall
    • hackhard
    • Thread
    • elecrtomagnetism electromagnetic induction graphite magnetism solenoid
    • Replies: 2
    • Forum: Electromagnetism
  35. mikemartinlfs

    Electromagnetic Induction (Long straight wire above circulua

    Homework Statement A circular loop of wire is placed next to a long straight wire. The current I in the long straight wire is increasing. What direction is the current that's induced in the circular loop? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I'm aware that the answer is clockwise...
  36. P

    Induced Magnetic Moment (vector) vs. Induced EMF (scalar)

    When I induce magnetic flux through a closed loop, I should expect the lines of flux produced by current in that loop to oppose the change of flux through that loop. But what happens when that loop, say a rectangular loop, is curved into the shape of the letter J (like a candy cane) and my flux...
    • particlezoo
    • Thread
    • electromagnetic induction electromotive force emf magnetic moment sho
    • Replies: 2
    • Forum: Electromagnetism
  37. Narayanan KR

    Can capacitors receive EM energy?

    Dynamos and transformers have inductor coils reacting with changing magnetic fields and importing energy into the circuit in form of induced current 1. What about the counterpart of above principle in case of capacitors? 2. Will capacitors interact with...
    • Narayanan KR
    • Thread
    • displacement current electrodynamics electromagnetic energy electromagnetic field electromagnetic induction
    • Replies: 12
    • Forum: Electrical Engineering
  38. Aafia

    What is induced magnetic field?

    What is emf in the coil? As far as I know about emf is that it is potential difference between two terminals of a source but what if it is induced in coil by changing flux linkage. What exactly happen when emf is induced?
    • Aafia
    • Thread
    • electromagnetic induction electromotive force emf
    • Replies: 4
    • Forum: Electromagnetism
  39. S

    What is the value of induced magnetic field?

    Homework Statement Two coencenteric metalic shell has inner radius $r_1$ outer radius $r_2$. We place along axis infinity wire has $\lambda$ charge in per unit length. The inner region of metalic shells inserted with relative permabilitty coefficent $\epsilon$. This system rotates with $\omega$...
  40. H

    Electromagnetic induction question, coils and magnets

    Say you have a coil connected in a closed circuit. You then move a magnet inside of the coil and it remains stationary inside of the coil. Is the magnet, even though it is stationary, still inducing an emf in the coil or is it not? I'm guessing it doesn't induce an emf in the coil because...
  41. Narayanan KR

    A motor design to defy Lenz' law?

    1. The two rotors (purple, green) are electricaly isolated but mechanically fit to rotate along same axis 2. The motor action on the left side rotor will move the armature set, this will produce currents in right side rotor that will pass via a variable load. 3. do you see the magnetic fields...
  42. Narayanan KR

    I Strange Magnus Force in a Whirlpool

    1. Imagine a big river with water flowing constant velocity , assume there is a whirlpool at center as shown in the figure. 2. Because of the magnus force the whirlpool should move towards left or right towards river bank depending on the spin, but it does't happens it just stays fine in its...
  43. erashish14

    Electromagnetic Induction Help Requested

    Hi Experts, I'm doing an experiment of Electromagnetic Induction (producing current by changing magnetic field i.e. by circulating magnetic wheel of N52 Neodymium Magnets around copper coil), but what i found when the speed of wheel is HIGH, the Output Current is LOW (in range of .02...
  44. F

    Can anyone explain this anomaly?

    Homework Statement Hi, so during an experiment, I spun a magnet inside a coil of wire in order to induce an emf, and measure the input power and output power. One of the things I found was that the slower the magnet spun (ie the smaller the input voltage to the motor) the larger the induced...
  45. Y

    Electromagnetic Induction in a disc

    Homework Statement Please see the attached file. Homework Equations $$\frac{dΦ}{dt} = ε$$ The Attempt at a Solution The only way I see is to apply some conservation of energy. But I don't know how. The potential energy is being converted to rotational energy. But how do I find the potential...
  46. Zahid Iftikhar

    Why is EMF generated by changing magnetic flux?

    I am fixed to find out the reason what makes the charges get separated in conductor causing an emf leading to induced current. A very good reason exists for motional emf. It can be explained with the help of F=qvBsinΘ.
  47. R

    What could cause significant magnetic field shifts at home?

    Hi everyone. I have a question that I would be grateful to receive your insights on. In our bedroom, we have a LED strip running from a typical 12V transformer. We turn it off at night using the controller box, which is in between the LEDs and the transformer. The thing is, a couple of times...
  48. H Smith 94

    NFC/RFID devices -- How do they transmit data?

    Hi all, I am designing an NFC device but am still a little unsure about the principles behind NFC/RFID. From what I understand: A primary coil constantly emits a 'carrier frequency' magnetic field. This field induces an e.m.f. on a passive secondary coil which is in a secondary circuit. The...
  49. Cookiey

    Induced Emf due to changing magnetic flux

    If we have a conducting loop, and a magnet (say North pole first) is pushed into it; that induces and emf and hence a current in the coil due to the changing magnetic flux, right? According to Lenz' law, the direction of the current is such that it opposes the change. So from the side the magnet...
  50. B

    A.c. current and induced force

    when A current-carrying conductor is placed in A magnetic field due to the interference of both magnetic fields,the field is made variable so a force will be induced on the Conductor. so my question is, If an Ac current is passed through conductor it will have variable magnetic field will it...
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