Why does light travel at light speed?

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SUMMARY

Light travels at a constant speed of approximately 299,792,458 meters per second due to its massless nature, as described by the relativistic energy equation e² = p²c² + m²c⁴. Photons, which are massless particles, exhibit this behavior, and their speed is derived from Maxwell's equations, specifically through the permittivity and permeability of free space. The discussion highlights that nothing needs to push photons; their speed is an inherent property of light and massless particles. Additionally, the concept of light speed being constant regardless of the observer's motion is a fundamental postulate of relativity.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of relativistic physics and the equation e² = p²c² + m²c⁴
  • Familiarity with Maxwell's equations and their implications for electromagnetic waves
  • Knowledge of massless particles and their properties
  • Basic grasp of the principles of special relativity
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the relativistic energy equation e² = p²c² + m²c⁴
  • Explore Maxwell's equations and their role in determining the speed of light
  • Research the properties of massless particles and their implications in physics
  • Learn about the implications of special relativity on the perception of speed and motion
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, educators, and anyone interested in the fundamental principles of light and relativity will benefit from this discussion.

  • #61
Clarification for bob: if c had an infinite velocity in our reference frame, the universe we observe would instantly collapse. That is what the Maxwell equations demand, and what Einstein realized when he made 'the biggest mistake of his career' by adding the cosmological constant. That Einstein dude turned out to be pretty smart.
 
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  • #62
I am a bit wary of a cosmological constant. First of all Einstein introduced it because he did not want an expanding universe, then he took it out, now its back again.
Could the electromagnetic force travel at any speed faster than light speed, say 200,000 mps and still keep within the parameters of the energy fluctuations allowed without destroying the balance of the universe?
 
  • #63
Blueplanetbob said:
I am a bit wary of a cosmological constant. First of all Einstein introduced it because he did not want an expanding universe, then he took it out, now its back again.
Ah, but look at why it's now back! Because there are good observations which are consistent with cosmological models with this constant in them (OK, it's the other way round, but the observations are what triggered the renewed interest). Also note that it's only one proposed means of accounting for the observations ... you could make a case that it gets more attention than other means because of its pedigree (and you'd've been right in the first few years; now it's possible to argue that it does fit the data better than the alternatives ... stay tuned for another decade or three!)
 

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