Why is copper diamagnetic without a prefix?

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    Copper Diamagnetic
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SUMMARY

Copper (Cu) is classified as a diamagnetic material despite having an odd number of electrons due to its electron configuration of 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹3d¹⁰. The presence of a single unpaired electron in the 4s subshell is overshadowed by the closed 3d subshell, which contributes a stronger diamagnetic effect. This phenomenon illustrates that the overall magnetic behavior of a material is determined by the balance of paramagnetic and diamagnetic contributions, with the latter prevailing in the case of bulk metallic copper.

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Homework Statement


Our teacher said that if a material has an odd number of electrons, it implies a paramagnetic behavior. Copper, according to him, has odd number of electrons but is considered a diamagnetic material. He asks us to explain this phenomenon.


Homework Equations


Copper has 29 electrons. And its electron configuration is 1s22s22p63s23p64s13d10


The Attempt at a Solution


According to what they (internet) say, the d subshell borrowed an electron from the s subshell on n=3 (see electron configuration). This accounts for the diamagnetism. But isn't it that the electron on the s subshell is unpaired, and should cause the Cu to paramagnetic? Or is it the outermost subshell that is only considered? :( Thanks a lot.
 
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This is the received wisdom for bulk metallic copper, namely that the paramagnetic contribution from the unpaired 4s electron is smaller than the diamagnetic contribution from the closed 3d subshell. So both effects exist, but the diamagnetism is stronger.
 
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