Why is the derivative of the potential at a surface assumed to be continuous even though there is surface charge?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the continuity of the derivative of electric potential at a surface with surface charge density, specifically in the context of Gauss's Law. It is established that when there is a surface charge, the derivative of the potential is discontinuous across the boundary, with the inner region (r ≤ a) having a potential of V0 and the outer region exhibiting a derivative of σ/ε0. The confusion arises from the interpretation of equations presented, which may not correspond to the problem at hand.

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per persson
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Homework Statement
Why is the derivative assumed to be continuous?
Relevant Equations
dV_2/dn-dV_1/dn=sigma/epsilon
1758149736238.webp

1758149857826.webp


I don't understand how why the derivative is continuous. Clearly there is a surface charge and by gauss law we should have
1758149989980.webp
 
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Where did the equations that you posted come from?
Are they supposed to be the solution to the problem you posted or some other problem?

I am particularly suspicious of this

Screen Shot 2025-09-17 at 11.03.11 PM.webp

What is ##\rho## in the region ##r\leq a## when there is vacuum in that region? Answer: Zero.

In any case, if the inner shell is held at potential ##V_0##, in the region ##r\leq a## the potential is also ##V_0##. The derivative "just inside" must be zero while equal to ##\dfrac{\sigma}{\epsilon_0}## "just outside." Thus the derivative is discontinuous across ##r=a##, the discontinuity being proportional to the surface charge density.

I see two possibilities
  1. The equations that you posted are correct but are meant to be solutions to some other problem.
  2. The equations that you posted are meant to be solutions for the problem that you posted in which case they are incorrect.
 
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