Why is the Stream Function Psi Limited to 2-D Incompressible Flows?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the limitations of the stream function, denoted as psi, in fluid mechanics, specifically focusing on why it is typically defined only for two-dimensional incompressible flows. Participants seek to understand the mathematical and logical reasoning behind this limitation.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant notes that the stream function psi is traditionally defined for 2-D incompressible flows but struggles to articulate the underlying reasons for this limitation.
  • Another participant suggests that all flows can be represented by a combination of two stream functions, even in two-dimensional cases, where the second stream function corresponds to vertical planes due to the absence of out-of-plane velocity.
  • A further contribution mentions that while it is mathematically possible to use two stream functions in three-dimensional flows, this approach is uncommon due to its complexity compared to other methods.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the applicability of stream functions in various flow dimensions, with some suggesting that while it is theoretically possible to extend the concept to three dimensions, it is not practical. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the specific reasons for the limitation of psi to 2-D flows.

Contextual Notes

The discussion does not clarify the mathematical assumptions or definitions that underpin the use of stream functions, nor does it resolve the complexities involved in extending the concept to three-dimensional flows.

haisol
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As we learned in fluid mechanics, we can devise stream function psi

when the flow is 2-D, incompressible.

However, I cannot clearly explain why psi can be defined only for 2-D, mathematically or logically.

Is there any way to explain this, more than just say that 'just as it is'?
 
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thank you for your kind answer! It really helps me understanding!
 
Technically speaking, all flows are represented by a combination of two streamfunctions, even two-dimensional flows. In a typical two-dimensional flow, the second streamfunction is just a series of vertical planes (or planes rotated around the axis of symmetry for axisymmetric flow) since there is no out of plane velocity. This goes for any two-dimensional flow.

For a three-dimensional flow, both streamfunctions can be used to represent the flowfield, but you have to use both. Representing flowfields this way is not only uncommon, but pretty much unheard of due to the complexity of doing so and the relative ease of other methods. It is, however, mathematically possible to do.
 

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