Why Is There a Discrepancy in Lunar Orbital Angular Momentum Calculations?

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SUMMARY

The discrepancy in lunar orbital angular momentum calculations arises from the failure to account for Earth's contribution to the system's total angular momentum. The correct formula for the moon's angular momentum, incorporating Earth's mass, is expressed as mxr²ωL + M(R-r)²ωL. The initial equation A = m/(1 + m/M)R²ωL holds true when the Earth's contribution is properly integrated. Utilizing the reduced mass method simplifies the calculations, although its acceptance may vary among educators.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of angular momentum in celestial mechanics
  • Familiarity with the concept of center of mass (CoM)
  • Knowledge of the reduced mass method in physics
  • Basic algebra for manipulating equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of angular momentum in multi-body systems
  • Learn about the reduced mass method and its applications in orbital mechanics
  • Explore the concept of center of mass in gravitational systems
  • Investigate the effects of mass distribution on angular momentum calculations
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, particularly those studying celestial mechanics, educators teaching angular momentum concepts, and anyone interested in the mathematical modeling of orbital dynamics.

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Homework Statement


In lectures and textbooks the lunar orbital angular momentum is given as:

A = m/(1 + m/M)xR2x[tex]\omega[/tex]L

But if the distance r of the moon from the centre of mass of the Earth-moon system is given by:
mxr = Mx(R-r); so r = MR/(M +m) = R/(1 + m/M)

and so the moon's angular momentum should be

mxr2x[tex]\omega[/tex]L = m/(1 + m/M)2xR2x[tex]\omega[/tex]L

Explain the discrepancy.

Homework Equations



m = Mass of Moon.
M = Mass of Earth.
[tex]\omega[/tex]L = Angular orbital velocity of Moon
r = distance of Moon from the CoM.

The Attempt at a Solution



I figured that the discrepancy is due to the fact that Earth's contribution to the orbital angular momentum of the system has not been accounted for. However we are expected to show mathematically how the first equation A = m/(1 + m/M)xR2x[tex]\omega[/tex]L holds true when the Earth's contribution is added. I can't for the life of me get it to work.

I have tried adding Earth's contribution to both sides of the equation, but cannot arrive back at the first equation.

mxr2x[tex]\omega[/tex]L + MxR2x[tex]\omega[/tex]L = mxR2x[tex]\omega[/tex]L/(1 + m/M)2 + Mxr2x(1 +m/M)2
Any help would be much appreciated.
 
Last edited:
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You have added the Earth's contribution wrongly. It should be M * (R-r)^2 * w, keeping in mind that you have used R to define the total distance between Earth and moon, not between Earth and CoM. Try it, it should work out.

P.S. If your teacher approves of the reduced mass method, it becomes a whole lot easier. I know some profs don't :P
 

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