Why ratio atmospheric ##\nu_\mu : \nu_e = 2:1##

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SUMMARY

The expected ratio of atmospheric neutrino fluxes, R = \frac{\nu_\mu + \bar{\nu}_\mu}{\nu_e + \bar{\nu}_e} = 2, is derived under the assumption of no neutrino oscillations. The discussion highlights that this ratio is influenced by factors such as the decay of muons before reaching Earth and the energy spectrum of the particles involved. Specifically, low-energetic muons decay in flight, which affects the observed flux ratio. The approximation of 2 is therefore not absolute and varies with the zenith angle and particle energies.

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ChrisVer
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Why is the ratio of atmospheric neutrino fluxes expected to be:
R= \frac{\nu_\mu + \bar{\nu}_\mu}{\nu_e +\bar{\nu}_e} =2
for no Neutrino Oscillations?
An answer that I found gives:
\pi \rightarrow \mu \nu_{\mu} \rightarrow e \nu_e \nu_\mu \nu_\mu
But I think this is "wrong" in general, because the muons can reach the Earth before interacting... at least it should be a function of the Zenith angle \theta and their energies (boost).
 
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In general, the spectrum is dominated by low-energetic particles, and low-energetic muons decay in flight.
You also have some other particles producing muon pairs. That ratio of 2 is only an approximation.
 

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