Why can we calculate factor of safety using Strain (fail)/ Strain (allow) only if the load applied is linearly related to the stress developed within the member? What happens if the two are not related?
Also, my textbook says factor of safety can also be calculated by stress (fail)/ stress...
In an open circuit, a voltmeter in parallel to a battery measures the EMF. Once the circuit is closed, the measured voltage drops due to both the internal and the external resistance. My question is how can the initial resistor not affect the voltage the voltmeter measures?
Additionally...
I just have a few conceptual questions:
Is it as difficult to remove electrons from an insulator as it is to add to it?
I understand insulators have a lower permittivity than conductors, and that they still allow charges to build upon the surface. However, I read that when you rub an insulator...
I read in a book that the pressure caused by a wind blowing against a structure increases as the square of the wind velocity. I cannnot logically understand how that makes sense, and I can't think of any equation to support it. Can somebody please shed light, conceptually or mathematically, as...