The radii of the curvature of the spherical surfaces which is a lens

In summary, the radii of curvature of a spherical lens are not the same, and the position of the image formed by the lens may change depending on the orientation of the lens. This can be represented by a 2x2 matrix multiplication, and in general, the order of the matrixes (and therefore the orientation of the lens) affects the overall effect of the lens. However, in special cases where the radii of curvature are the same and have opposite signs, the orientation of the lens does not affect the image.
  • #1
komal bisht
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the radii of the curvature of the spherical surfaces which is a lens of required focal length are not same. it forms image of an object. the surfaces of the lens facing the object and the image are interhanged. will the position of the image change?
 
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  • #2


Welcome to PF.

This can be thought of as a composite lens like you find in the eyepiece of a telescope or microscope. What happens when you look through a telescope the wrong way?

What level is this aimed at?
Each bit of the lens can be represented by a 2x2 matrix depending on how the particular bit changes the angle and position of the light ray crossing it. The effect of the whole lens is the matrix multiplication of the matrixes.

In this case you have three elements (a curved surface, a gap through the glass and another curved surface) so the matrix for the lense would be the product of three: ABC
Turning the lens around changes the order of the matrixes to CBA
The question amounts to asking if ABC=CBA ... and, in general, that is "no".
The special case where this is equal means a special relationship between A and C which you remember are the spherical surfaces ... iirc: the radii of curvature have to be the same and and the sign of the curvatures have to be different (the lens must be bi-concave or bi-convex).

You don't have to understand how this works, so long as you know how to multiply 2x2 matrixes you can see that ABC is not CBA
 
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  • #3


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1. What is the significance of the radii of curvature in a lens?

The radii of curvature determine the shape of the lens and its ability to refract light. It plays an important role in determining the focal length and optical power of the lens.

2. How are the radii of curvature measured in a spherical lens?

The radii of curvature are measured as the distance from the center of the spherical surface to the point where the surface meets the lens axis. They are typically measured in millimeters (mm) or meters (m).

3. Can the radii of curvature be different for the two surfaces of a lens?

Yes, it is possible for the radii of curvature to be different for each surface of a lens. This is known as an asymmetric lens and is used in certain optical systems to correct for aberrations.

4. How do the radii of curvature affect the image produced by a lens?

The radii of curvature determine the amount of bending that occurs to light rays passing through the lens. This, in turn, affects the magnification, distortion, and sharpness of the image produced.

5. What happens if the radii of curvature are too large or too small in a lens?

If the radii of curvature are too large, the lens will have a longer focal length and a weaker optical power, resulting in a flatter and less magnified image. If the radii of curvature are too small, the lens will have a shorter focal length and a stronger optical power, resulting in a more curved and magnified image.

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