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Monique11
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How to choose an adequate reference electrode and what is the principal mechanism?
A reference electrode is an electrode used in electrochemical measurements to provide a stable and known potential against which other electrode potentials can be measured. It serves as a reference point for the measurement of an unknown electrode potential.
The choice of a reference electrode depends on the type of electrochemical measurement being performed. Some common reference electrodes include the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), silver/silver chloride electrode (Ag/AgCl), and saturated calomel electrode (SCE). Factors to consider when choosing a reference electrode include stability, reproducibility, and compatibility with the electrolyte solution and analyte being measured.
The principal mechanism of a reference electrode is to maintain a stable and known potential by utilizing a redox reaction between a metal/metal ion system and its corresponding salt solution. The reference electrode must have a constant and well-defined potential under a wide range of conditions, making it an ideal reference point for electrochemical measurements.
To calibrate a reference electrode, it is typically immersed in a solution of known pH or redox potential, such as a buffer solution. The potential of the reference electrode is compared to the known value, and any discrepancies can be adjusted using standard calibration procedures. It is important to regularly calibrate reference electrodes to ensure accurate measurements.
Reference electrodes can be reused multiple times if they are well-maintained and properly calibrated. However, they may eventually need to be replaced due to contamination, wear and tear, or changes in potential stability. It is important to regularly check and replace reference electrodes as needed for accurate and reliable electrochemical measurements.