Double Slit Experiment and Measurements

In summary, when a photon encounters a beam splitter, there is a 50-50 chance it will be reflected or passed (tunneling). Some interpretations of this event might consider just being reflected or passed as a measurement, but it's important to consider the entire context of the experiment in order to make that determination.
  • #1
LarryS
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When a photon encounters a beam splitter, say a half-silvered mirror, there is a 50-50 chance it will be reflected or passed (tunneling). Does being reflected/passed constitute a QM "measurement"?

Thanks in advance.
 
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  • #2
It could and generally would, but there are also cases where the results of the measurement are "erased". So you need to consider the entire context of the experiment.
 
  • #3
referframe said:
When a photon encounters a beam splitter, say a half-silvered mirror, there is a 50-50 chance it will be reflected or passed (tunneling). Does being reflected/passed constitute a QM "measurement"?

Thanks in advance.

No, it's not a "measurement" in the sense that it doesn't collapse the wave function. The two alternate paths both have to be followed to account for the future behavior of the system. That's why you can later recombine the two beams and get interference.
 
  • #4
referframe said:
When a photon encounters a beam splitter, say a half-silvered mirror, there is a 50-50 chance it will be reflected or passed (tunneling). Does being reflected/passed constitute a QM "measurement"?
It depends on the interpretation you choose to work in. Any interpretation that might include considering just being reflected or passed as a measurement, however, has to introduce very careful provisos that take into account what is done with the beams subsequently. In other words, the entire context of the experiment is ultimately important.

Personally, I prefer interpretations that take a measurement to have occurred only when a number has been written in a computer memory. Then a paper can be submitted to Physics Review Letters that says, "the raw measurement data (100MB) is available on a CD on request," and goes on to describe the statistical computations that were done using that data to show how well the data matches up with a proposed quantum mechanical model for the experiment. That sets the standard for measurement as "a PRL paper", in contrast to setting the standard for measurement as something like "it's in my head", or "it's in the head of someone who has a Ph.D" (which is a John Bell joke). I might be OK with a PRD paper as an arbiter of whether a measurement happened, for example, but perhaps not with a JMathPhys paper. Endless fun can be had deciding which journals' imprimatur is OK.
 

1. What is the double slit experiment?

The double slit experiment is a famous scientific experiment that demonstrates the wave-particle duality of matter. It involves shining a beam of particles, such as electrons or photons, through two parallel slits and observing the resulting pattern on a screen. This experiment shows that particles can behave like waves, exhibiting interference patterns, and supports the theory that matter and energy can have both particle and wave-like properties.

2. Why is the double slit experiment important?

The double slit experiment is important because it challenges our understanding of the fundamental nature of matter and energy. It also has significant implications for quantum mechanics and our understanding of the universe. It shows that particles can have wave-like properties, leading to the development of the wave-particle duality theory and the understanding that particles can exist in multiple states at once.

3. How does the double slit experiment work?

In the double slit experiment, a beam of particles is directed towards two parallel slits, creating two paths for the particles to pass through. The particles then interact with each other, creating interference patterns on a screen behind the slits. These patterns are a result of the particles behaving like waves and interfering with each other. The experiment can be performed with various types of particles, such as electrons, photons, and even larger molecules, with similar results.

4. What have we learned from the double slit experiment?

The double slit experiment has taught us that particles can exhibit wave-like behavior and that our understanding of the universe may be limited by our classical, deterministic view of the world. It has also led to further exploration and development of quantum mechanics, which has had numerous practical applications in technology and science.

5. Are there any variations of the double slit experiment?

Yes, there are several variations of the double slit experiment that have been performed, including the delayed choice quantum eraser experiment, which has implications for the concept of causality, and the quantum eraser experiment with entangled particles, which supports the theory of quantum entanglement. These variations continue to challenge our understanding of the universe and push the boundaries of scientific discovery.

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