Refraction of light is the bending of light when it passes through a medium with a different density, such as air and water. This bending is caused by a change in the speed of light as it travels from one medium to another.
Refraction of light occurs when the light changes speed as it passes from one medium to another. This change in speed is caused by the change in the density of the medium, which causes the light to bend towards the normal (perpendicular) line.
The wavelength of light is directly related to the amount of refraction that occurs. When light passes through a medium with a higher density, the speed of light decreases and the wavelength becomes shorter. This results in a greater amount of refraction.
The angle of incidence, which is the angle at which light enters a medium, affects the amount of refraction that occurs. The greater the angle of incidence, the greater the amount of refraction. This is because a larger angle of incidence causes the light to travel through a thicker portion of the medium, resulting in a greater change in speed and a larger angle of refraction.
Refraction of light and wavelength have various real-life applications. For example, they are used in the design of lenses for eyeglasses and telescopes, in the formation of rainbows, and in the functioning of fiber optic cables for communication. They are also important in understanding the behavior of light in different mediums, such as in the study of underwater vision and the formation of mirages.