Why Doesn't Agglutination Occur in Blood Transfusions from O Group Donors?

In summary, the confusion surrounding blood transfusion and the concept of O group being a universal donor stems from the fact that O group has both antibodies A and B, but lacks the A and B antigens. This means that while it can be transfused to individuals of other blood groups without causing agglutination, it can also cause adverse reactions and sensitization due to other surface antigens on red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells. Plasma transfusions also have their own set of rules based on the ABO blood group system.
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I'm really confused about blood transfusion, I know that O group is a universal Donner but how since it has both antibodies A,B, why doesn't agglutination happen? For an example o group is donated to an individual with A blood group why doesn't the antibody A of O group cause Agglutination in the recipient blood since a got antigenes A
 
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I can't understand how can O group be donated to any other group without transfusion ??
 
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You don't donate blood to another blood group - you donate it to a blood bank.
You mean you don't understand how O blood can be transfused into a patient with another blood type - ever?

It is because type O has neither A nor B antigen.
http://anthro.palomar.edu/blood/ABO_system.htm
 
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Yes I mean how can it be given to another patient of another blood group without agglutination
 
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ElmorshedyDr said:
Yes I mean how can it be given to another patient of another blood group without agglutination
Well...

Simon Bridge said:
It is because type O has neither A nor B antigen.
http://anthro.palomar.edu/blood/ABO_system.htm
...
There's two parts to blood typing.
 
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Blood_0090061.jpg
 
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ElmorshedyDr said:
I'm really confused about blood transfusion, I know that O group is a universal Donner but how since it has both antibodies A,B, why doesn't agglutination happen? For an example o group is donated to an individual with A blood group why doesn't the antibody A of O group cause Agglutination in the recipient blood since a got antigenes A
This might help, the rest of the page has additional useful information.

By way of example: considering the transfusion of O Rh D negative blood (universal donor blood) into a recipient of blood group A Rh D positive, an immune reaction between the recipient's anti-B antibodies and the transfused RBCs is not anticipated. However, the relatively small amount of plasma in the transfused blood contains anti-A antibodies, which could react with the A antigens on the surface of the recipients RBCs, but a significant reaction is unlikely because of the dilution factors. Rh D sensitization is not anticipated.

Additionally, red blood cell surface antigens other than A, B and Rh D, might cause adverse reactions and sensitization, if they can bind to the corresponding antibodies to generate an immune response. Transfusions are further complicated because platelets and white blood cells (WBCs) have their own systems of surface antigens, and sensitization to platelet or WBC antigens can occur as a result of transfusion.

With regard to transfusions of plasma, this situation is reversed. Type O plasma, containing both anti-A and anti-B antibodies, can only be given to O recipients. The antibodies will attack the antigens on any other blood type. Conversely, AB plasma can be given to patients of any ABO blood group due to not containing any anti-A or anti-B antibodies.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_type#Universal_donors_and_universal_recipients
 

FAQ: Why Doesn't Agglutination Occur in Blood Transfusions from O Group Donors?

1. What is blood transfusion confusion?

Blood transfusion confusion refers to a medical condition where a person experiences confusion or delirium after receiving a blood transfusion. This can occur due to various factors, such as an immune reaction, an infection, or an adverse reaction to the blood products.

2. What are the symptoms of blood transfusion confusion?

The symptoms of blood transfusion confusion may include confusion, disorientation, agitation, hallucinations, fever, and rapid heart rate. In severe cases, it can also lead to seizures, coma, or even death.

3. Who is at risk for developing blood transfusion confusion?

People who have a weakened immune system, such as those with HIV, cancer, or undergoing chemotherapy, are at a higher risk for developing blood transfusion confusion. Older adults and those with a history of transfusion reactions are also more susceptible.

4. How is blood transfusion confusion treated?

The treatment for blood transfusion confusion depends on the underlying cause. In most cases, the symptoms can be managed with medications, such as antihistamines, corticosteroids, or sedatives. In severe cases, additional supportive care may be necessary.

5. Can blood transfusion confusion be prevented?

To prevent blood transfusion confusion, it is essential to screen both the donor and the recipient for any potential risk factors, such as infections or allergies. Proper matching of blood types is also crucial. It is also essential to monitor the recipient closely during and after the transfusion for any signs of a reaction.

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