Should globular clusters exist?

In summary, globular clusters are the oldest structures in the galactic halo, having formed near the birth of the Milky Way around 10 billion years ago. Despite this long existence, they have not been destroyed by supernova explosions due to the fact that they contain mostly lower mass, longer-lived stars. Additionally, their shape is constantly changing due to a process called core collapse, but this does not result in the total dissipation of the cluster. The spherical shape of globular clusters is the preferred configuration for objects moving under the influence of gravity, unless they have significant rotation.
  • #1
Eridanus1
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they are the oldest things in the galactic halo, having formed near the birth of the milky way. So with all the 10 odd billions of years of existence, i think they all should have gone supernova and destroyed the shape of the cluster.

So how do they stay gloubular in their shape?
 
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  • #2
(1) Only large stars explode as a supernova. Less massive stars like our sun and smaller do not do this (e.g., our sun will swell to a red giant, becoming a "planetary nebula" and then shrink to a white dwarf). Large stars are also short-lived. So, such ancient star clusters contain lots of lower mass (longer lived) stars.

(2) It's not much of a "shape" to begin with. It's a collection of stars held by each other's gravity (like a mini-galaxy). The shape is constantly changing anyway.
 
  • #3
Eridanus1 said:
they are the oldest things in the galactic halo, having formed near the birth of the milky way. So with all the 10 odd billions of years of existence, i think they all should have gone supernova and destroyed the shape of the cluster.

As was already said, this is not an issue. However, globular clusters do undergo a process known as "core collapse", in which the central part gets ever denser with time and the outer parts get less dense. The end result of this process is that the cluster dissipates, but for most globular clusters, this timescale for it is much longer than 10 billion years.


So how do they stay gloubular in their shape?

It turns out that for a group of objects moving under the influence of gravity, the minimum energy configuration (and, therefore, the preferred one) is spherical...unless it has a significant amount of rotation, then it goes to a disk.
 

1. What are globular clusters?

Globular clusters are large, tightly-packed groups of stars that orbit around a common center of mass. They are found in the outer regions of galaxies and typically contain hundreds of thousands to millions of stars.

2. How do globular clusters form?

The exact formation process of globular clusters is still not fully understood, but it is believed that they formed early in the history of the universe through the collapse of gas and dust clouds. Some evidence also suggests that they may have formed from the merging of smaller star clusters.

3. What is the significance of globular clusters in the study of the universe?

Globular clusters are important objects for studying the formation and evolution of galaxies. They are also used as a standard candle for measuring distances in the universe, and their ages can provide insight into the age of the universe itself.

4. Do all galaxies have globular clusters?

Not all galaxies have globular clusters, but they are more commonly found in larger galaxies. Smaller galaxies, such as dwarf galaxies, may not have enough mass to form and maintain globular clusters.

5. What research is currently being done on globular clusters?

Scientists are currently studying globular clusters to better understand their formation, dynamics, and the properties of their constituent stars. They are also being used to test theories of galaxy formation and to search for evidence of dark matter within the clusters.

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