Atomic Vibration Speed: m/s Conversion

In summary, frequency is typically expressed in Hz or /s, while velocity is measured in m/s. However, there is a rough estimate for the velocity of thermal neutrons and heavier molecules based on their mass and temperature. This is calculated using the equation (1/2) m v2 = kT, where m is the mass, v is the velocity, k is Boltzmann's constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
  • #1
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How fast does an atom vibrate in m/s. I have found how fast it vibrates in hz but I'm trying to convert that to speed. Thanx.
 
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  • #2
You can't express a frequency in m/s

Frequency is expressed in Hz, or /s. The units are not compatible.
 
  • #3
You can get a rough estimate by assuming the vibrations are simple harmonic.The velocity varies between zero and a maximum of 2pi*frequency*amplitude of vibration.(as matterwave pointed out it was probably the frequency that you found)
 
  • #4
Thermal neutrons (mass = 1 AMU) have an rms velocity of about 2200 meters per second at room temperature. Heavier molecules like N2 have an rms velocity of 2200/sqrt (28)where 28 is the gram molecular mass of nitrogen molecule. The relation is (1/2) m v2 = kT where k is Boltzmann's constant and T is in kelvin.

Boltzmanns constant = 1.38 x 10-23 Joules per degree kelvin
 

1. What is atomic vibration speed?

Atomic vibration speed is the speed at which atoms vibrate in a solid material. This vibration is caused by the thermal energy of the atoms and is essential for understanding the properties of materials.

2. How is atomic vibration speed measured?

Atomic vibration speed is typically measured using techniques such as X-ray diffraction, neutron scattering, or Raman spectroscopy. These methods allow scientists to observe the movement of atoms within a material and calculate their speed.

3. What is the unit of measurement for atomic vibration speed?

The unit of measurement for atomic vibration speed is meters per second (m/s). This is the standard unit for measuring the speed of any object, including the movement of atoms.

4. Can atomic vibration speed be converted to other units?

Yes, atomic vibration speed can be converted to other units such as kilometers per hour (km/h) or miles per hour (mph). However, these conversions are not commonly used in scientific research and are usually only necessary for practical applications.

5. How does atomic vibration speed affect material properties?

The speed of atomic vibrations directly impacts the physical properties of a material, such as its density, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength. Understanding and controlling atomic vibration speed is crucial for designing and developing new materials with specific properties.

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