Why Did the Aspirin Melting Point Decrease in This Experiment?

AI Thread Summary
The experiment involved synthesizing aspirin using a water bath at 90 degrees C, leading to a final product with a melting point of 122-125 degrees C, lower than the expected 134 degrees C. The negative ferric chloride test indicated the absence of phenols, suggesting that the reaction may have produced a relatively pure product despite the lower melting point. However, the decrease in melting point is attributed to impurities, possibly from incomplete recrystallization or side products formed at the higher temperature. The discussion highlights the importance of purity in determining melting points in chemical reactions. Overall, the results indicate that impurities are responsible for the observed melting point decrease.
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Homework Statement



A student performed the reaction in this experiment using a water bath of 90 degrees C instead of 50 degrees C. The final product was tested for the presence of phenols with ferric chloride. This test was negative (no color observed); however, the melting point of the dry product was 122-125 degrees C. Explain these results as completely as possible.

Homework Equations



Salicylic Acid + Acetic Anhydride -------> Acetyl Salicylic Acid (Aspirin) + Acetic Acid
Melting point of aspirin should be 134 degrees C.

The Attempt at a Solution



Ummm. I have no idea. I would assume the greater temperature would cause the reaction to shift to the right, making more of a pure product and hence the negative ferric chloride test. But I'm not sure how this would lower this melting point?

If I'm going to take a wild, WILD guess, perhaps the greater heat is also causing another product to form, which is making the aspirin less pure but this other product doesn't show up in a phenol test? And maybe this extra product is lowering the melting point somehow?But since this "other product" isn't alluded to in the reaction, I feel like I am making it up.

Thank you for your help!
 
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It's some impurity that's causing the product to melt at a lower temperature. As for what it is, if the product wasn't recrystallized, it might be the solvent; it might be some side product. Dunno, but it's definitely an impurity.
 
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