What is Bell: Definition and 226 Discussions

A bell is a directly struck idiophone percussion instrument. Most bells have the shape of a hollow cup that when struck vibrates in a single strong strike tone, with its sides forming an efficient resonator. The strike may be made by an internal "clapper" or "uvula", an external hammer, or—in small bells—by a small loose sphere enclosed within the body of the bell (jingle bell).
Bells are usually cast from bell metal (a type of bronze) for its resonant properties, but can also be made from other hard materials. This depends on the function. Some small bells such as ornamental bells or cowbells can be made from cast or pressed metal, glass or ceramic, but large bells such as a church, clock and tower bells are normally cast from bell metal.
Bells intended to be heard over a wide area can range from a single bell hung in a turret or bell-gable, to a musical ensemble such as an English ring of bells, a carillon or a Russian zvon which are tuned to a common scale and installed in a bell tower. Many public or institutional buildings house bells, most commonly as clock bells to sound the hours and quarters.
Historically, bells have been associated with religious rites, and are still used to call communities together for religious services. Later, bells were made to commemorate important events or people and have been associated with the concepts of peace and freedom. The study of bells is called campanology.

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  1. N

    USAF 'discovered' pulsars long before Bell Burnell

    ...but they just didn't call it such. :rolleyes: Interesting story: http://scienceblogs.com/catdynamics/2007/08/schisler.php
  2. W

    Could 9th Harmonic Be Causing Noise on Local Telephone Company's System?

    We have a local telephone company complaining to our utility that they have noise on their system. We have investigated and found a fairly significant 9th harmonic on the power line. This seems to play havoc with phone systems. What is a likely cause of a 9th harmonic? We are a rural utility...
  3. C

    Ringing a bell - How much energy is lost to sound?

    Hey, I was wondering about a scenario, perhaps you can help me. Imagine a bell hung from an arbitrary pole in which the friction of the bell-pole junction is known. Assume this bell and pole are in a clean room of known atomospheric density and pressure. Orthogonal to the plane of the pole...
  4. heusdens

    Bell experiment would somehow prove non-locality and information FTL?

    The famous Bell experiment would somehow proof non-locality and/or traveling of information faster then light. A very simple explenation of the experiment is this: there is a subatomic event that creates a particle pair going opposite directions. The subatomic event determines the possible...
  5. V

    LHV simulation for bell setup based on photon bunching

    hi all, I return to post after about a year. one of the acknowledged loopholes in the bell experiments is how the coincidence circuitry behaves under what might be called "simultaneous H/V measurements" where H/V represent horizontal/vertical polarized photons at one arm. basically, if you...
  6. Ivan Seeking

    Ask not for whom Bell tolls

    http://www.csicop.org/si/9707/art-bell.html http://religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu/nrms/hgprofile.html For those not familiar with Art Bell, he hosted a radio show that featured guests ranging from the wackiest crackpots to respected scientists. Subjects ranged from Ghosts and UFOs to...
  7. F

    Building a Farnsworth-Hirsch-Fusor: Pressure Requirements for Bell Jar

    Hi, I like to build a Farnsworth-Hirsch-Fusor for a school project. I want to use an ordinary bell jar but I am not quite sure if it will work at the pressure I need (0.1-10pa). Does anybody know how much pressure a bell jar can take?
  8. W

    What could have happened to Art Bell's wife, Ramona?

    This is too soon. I predict he'll be happy he didn't sell his Nevada ranch. Is she even 18?
  9. T

    Bell Locality: New Paper Clarifies Arguments

    I've argued here in the past (with dr chinese and others) about what, exactly, is proved by Bell's Theorem. Here is a new paper which addresses and clarifies many of those points: http://www.arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0601205 I suspect it will be of interest to people here. But before...
  10. Ivan Seeking

    Ramona Bell [wife of Art Bell] dead at 47

    I hadn't checked in on C to C for awhile and had absolutely no idea! She died on Jan 5th, apparently from an asthma attack. Bell talked about it in detail on the Sunday night show. This must have hit Art Bell very hard as he and his wife were obviously very much in love. She seemed like a...
  11. B

    Question about Nick Herbert's Bell proof

    I've just finished reading Nick Herbert's book 'Quantum Reality,' and I was a bit puzzled by his intuitive proof of Bell's theorem. The part that puzzles me is the graphs on pp. 223 and 224, Fig 12.4 and 12.5. These show the 'matches per four marks' as a function of 'calcite difference.'...
  12. J

    John Stewart Bell Lecture Papers: 1989 ICTP

    Is it possible to find any of John Stewart Bell's lecture papers anywhere? I am looking for a famous lecture he gave at the International Centre for Theoretical Physics (italy) in 1989.
  13. R

    Loopholes in optical Bell tests

    In reading about Bell tests I found this link:http://www.abc.net.au/science/features/quantum/, which has discussion of numerous loopholes in both theory and experimental design of Bell tests, which when combined, appear to suggest that "local realist" explanations of all Bell test violations...
  14. T

    Unlocking the Mysteries of the Franklin Bell Experiment

    Questions regarding the Franklin Bell experiment. 1. Given the iron nut suspended between the positive bell and negative bell were equidistant (theoretically in the middle). Which pole would the nut hit first? 2. Does the electron quality change when the suspended nut hits either...
  15. D

    What are the materials needed to make a simple electromagnetic bell?

    what are the materials needed to make a simple electromagnetic bell? pleasezzzzzzzzzzzzz i've searched all over the web and would you believe it, THERE ISN'T A SINGLE PLACE THAT EXPALINS HOW TO MAKE A SIMPLE ELECTROMAGNETIC BELL! i need to make one for this marking period, but I'm not quite...
  16. A

    Advanced Question about EPR / Bell / Apsect

    [I invite people to post links as responses in case the idea I'm putting forward is already covered someplace that I missed.] Something has been bothering me about this type of experiment for a long time, but this is clearly the place to bring it up. My problem is this: that in an...
  17. N

    Bell Model & Calcium Configurational Electrons: Explained?

    After a lookback at the current flap on EPR's validity I found that the Aspect Quantum Chemistry seemed to be invalid in that the modeling involved Calcium's configurational electrons. The model assumes that there are a pair of valence (4s) electrons and a pair of 4p electrons?? There are only...
  18. C

    Can Loophole-Free Bell Tests Resolve Quantum Nonlocality Debates?

    Last year two very similar proposals were put forward for "loophole-free" Bell tests: R. García-Patrón Sánchez, J. Fiurácek , N. J. Cerf , J. Wenger , R. Tualle-Brouri , and Ph. Grangier, “Proposal for a Loophole-Free Bell Test Using Homodyne Detection”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 130409 (2004)...
  19. DrChinese

    Local Realism After Bell: Can Quantum Mechanics and Local Realism Coexist?

    I will split this post so to make it easier to reply, if needed. I. Background ============= The EPR Paradox (1935) left the scientific community in a divided state. Some saw QM, even then a successful theory, as the likely victor in the debate over realism. But many remained unconvinced...
  20. B

    I need clarification about Bell state Measurements

    The four bell states are 1: (|00>+|11>)(2)^-0.5 2: (|00>-|11>)(2)^-0.5 3: (|01>+|10>)(2)^-0.5 4: (|01>-|10>)(2)^-0.5 I'm looking at super dense coding and the way i thought of it at first was that if a measurement of the first qubit was made then if we consider the first bell state (1)...
  21. Loren Booda

    Bell correlation between horizons

    Do polarization cross-sections from opposite microwave background n-poles disobey the Bell inequality?
  22. K

    Could Bell experiments reveal a link between photon spin and gravity waves?

    When a photon's spin is measured, the photon must exert a force on the device that measures its spin.Since a force is associated with an acceleration and an acceleration with gravity,could the photon have created a gravity wave that travels through space and determines the spin of a second...
  23. Loren Booda

    Local inflation realizes Bell inequality violation

    Just as the thermal equilibrium between two relatively receding (c<v<2c) cosmological horizons is justified by inflation, such a Higgs phase transition could account locally for correlations violating the Bell inequality through superluminal (c<v<2c) "signaling."
  24. A

    Original Bell article with the proof of his inequality Is necessary.

    Bell J.S. Physics. 1964,1,195. Whether is not present at somebody? Whether is it possible download it somewhere ? There is interesting to my what purpose had Bell, proving an inequality. Is it to deny a quantum mechanics? I hope, that from this article it will be possible to gather the...
  25. C

    Skeptic Magazine Interview With Robert Sternberg on The Bell Curve

    From Skeptic vol. 3, no. 3, 1995, pp. 72-80. The following article is copyright © 1995 by the Skeptics Society, P.O. Box 338, Altadena, CA 91001, (818) 794-3119. Permission has been granted for noncommercial electronic circulation of this article in its entirety, including this notice. For...
  26. V

    How high does sea water rise in the bell?

    Hi, I would appreciate help with the following problems: 1.) A diving bell in the shape of a cylinder with a height of 1.00 m is closed at the upper end and open at the lower end. The bell is lowered from air into sea water (p=1.025 g/cm^3). The air in the bell is...
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