Damping is an influence within or upon an oscillatory system that has the effect of reducing or preventing its oscillation. In physical systems, damping is produced by processes that dissipate the energy stored in the oscillation. Examples include viscous drag (a liquid's viscosity can hinder an oscillatory system, causing it to slow down) in mechanical systems, resistance in electronic oscillators, and absorption and scattering of light in optical oscillators. Damping not based on energy loss can be important in other oscillating systems such as those that occur in biological systems and bikes (ex. Suspension (mechanics)). Not to be confused with friction, which is a dissipative force acting on a system. Friction can cause or be a factor of damping.
The damping ratio is a dimensionless measure describing how oscillations in a system decay after a disturbance. Many systems exhibit oscillatory behavior when they are disturbed from their position of static equilibrium. A mass suspended from a spring, for example, might, if pulled and released, bounce up and down. On each bounce, the system tends to return to its equilibrium position, but overshoots it. Sometimes losses (e.g. frictional) damp the system and can cause the oscillations to gradually decay in amplitude towards zero or attenuate. The damping ratio is a measure describing how rapidly the oscillations decay from one bounce to the next.
The damping ratio is a system parameter, denoted by ζ (zeta), that can vary from undamped (ζ = 0), underdamped (ζ < 1) through critically damped (ζ = 1) to overdamped (ζ > 1).
The behaviour of oscillating systems is often of interest in a diverse range of disciplines that include control engineering, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, structural engineering, and electrical engineering. The physical quantity that is oscillating varies greatly, and could be the swaying of a tall building in the wind, or the speed of an electric motor, but a normalised, or non-dimensionalised approach can be convenient in describing common aspects of behavior.
Could someone please give me a QUALITATIVE description of:
-critical damping
-over damping
-under damping
So I can understand the physics behind the oscillatios in a circuit. I know the mathematical explanations (ie. over damping is when the characteristic polynomial solutions are both...
A spring is stretched 6 inches by a mass that weighs 8 lb. The mass is attached to a dashpot mechanism that has a damping constant of 0.25 lb-sec/ft and is acted on by an external force of 4cos(2t) lb.
a) Determine the steady-state response of this system
b) If the given mass is replaced by...
How can we find practically,the damping of material...Actually we have Honeycomb Sandwich Panels of alumiunm & now we want to find out Damping from an experimental process...
Plz tell me the procedure to find out Damping...
Hi guys,
I am a bit stuck at the moment on this experiment I am doing.
I am trying to model an oscillating spring mass which is being damped using air resistance and a circle piece of polystyrene.
The equation of this will be in the form
d^2y/dt^2 + Rdy/dx + ky/x = 0
I...
Consider damped harmonic oscillations. Let the coeffient of friction gamma be half the value of the one that just gies critical damping.
How many times is the period T larger than it would be for gamma = 0??
WHen gamma is zero -
T = \frac{2 \pi}{\omega}
When gamma is half of the...
I have been given a question about damping that will form part of my A-level coursework, and I wondered if any of you could think of a decent way to go about it.
The brief is to investigate how the amplitude of a compound pendulum decreases with the degree of damping.
Equipment I will...
A 50.0-g hard-boiled egg moves on the end of a spring with force constant . It is released with an amplitude 0.300 m. A damping force acts on the egg. After it oscillates for 5.00 s, the amplitude of the motion has decreased to 0.100 m.Calculate the magnitude of the damping coefficient ...