What is Estimate: Definition and 375 Discussions

Estimation (or estimating) is the process of finding an estimate, or approximation, which is a value that is usable for some purpose even if input data may be incomplete, uncertain, or unstable. The value is nonetheless usable because it is derived from the best information available. Typically, estimation involves "using the value of a statistic derived from a sample to estimate the value of a corresponding population parameter". The sample provides information that can be projected, through various formal or informal processes, to determine a range most likely to describe the missing information. An estimate that turns out to be incorrect will be an overestimate if the estimate exceeded the actual result, and an underestimate if the estimate fell short of the actual result.

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  1. H

    MHB Riemann sum to estimate volume

    Question: A solid has a rectangular base that lies in the first quadrant and is bounded by the x and y-axes and the lines x=2, y=1. The height of the solid above point (x,y) is 1+3x. Find the Riemann approximation of the solid. Solution: I already know that the solution is \sum_{i=1}^{n}...
  2. K

    What is the Proportion of Weeks with High or Low Deaths in the 1980s?

    In the 1980s, an average of 121.95 workers died on the job each week. Give estimates of the following quantities: a.) the proportion of weeks having 130 deaths or more; b.) the proportion of weeks having 100 deaths or less. Explain your reasoning. Procedure I'm not sure, how to start...
  3. Z

    How to estimate how many wavelengths wide a laser is?

    Homework Statement I've conducted two laser experiments. One with single slit, and one with a double slit. I've produced two graphs which look something like these...
  4. T

    Estimate heat transfer coefficient

    i prepared a setup wherein i heat a nichrome wire with 3 volts battery, measure its power, the temperature of the nichrome and the temperature of air.. by using the formula ΔT=PRsurf where ΔT=Tnichrome - Tair P=VI Rsurf=1/hA, R is, basically, the thermal resistance to heat...
  5. S

    Estimate of noise statistics within some error

    This question concerns estimating the PDF of noise, based upon observations of a data stream consisting of noise embedded with transient signals. I would like to know if my Proposed Solution is a correct approach. Suppose I have "long" stream of seismic data, consisting of noise, and with...
  6. H

    Estimate a integral in the complex

    Homework Statement Let γ denote the portion of the circle lzl = √(ln(3)) which lies in the left-half plane. Prove l(∫γ(e^(iz2)/(z-1) dz l ≤ (3pi√(ln(3))/(ln(3)+1) Note: the l l around the integral represents modulus. Homework Equations In the past we used this inequality...
  7. E

    Error estimate for Taylor polynomials

    Use the error estimate for Taylor polynomials to find an n such that | e - (1 + (1/1!) + (1/2!) + (1/3!) + ... + (1/n!) | < 0.000005 all i have right now is the individual components... f(x) = ex Tn (x) = 1/ (n-1)! k/(n-1)! |x-a|n+1 = 0.000005 a = 0 x = 1 I don't know where to go from here
  8. O

    How to estimate the upper limit mass of electron neutrino?

    If I just know the energy range of it is 10-35 MeV, and they can interact with detector for 10 seconds, how to deduce the upper limit mass of it?
  9. ElijahRockers

    Estimate using the derivative: Am I making a sign error somewhere?

    Homework Statement Find the derivative of the transformation x=rcos(theta), y=rsin(theta). Then estimate the cartesian coordinates for r=2.2 and theta=pi(1/6-1/60) The Attempt at a Solution I found the partials with respect to r and theta for both x and y. I also wrote down the...
  10. S

    Solving Series w/ Remainder Estimate & Integral Test

    It asks "use remainder estimate for integral test" to find series accurate to 3 dec? Homework Statement It says "Use the Remainder Estimate for the Integral Test to find the sum of the following series to three decimal places of accuracy." \sum^{\infty}_{n=1} \frac{1}{n^{3}} Homework...
  11. F

    Estimate the relationship between the maximum and minimum intensity

    Two speakers A and B are separated by 1 meter, the point P is 4 m away from speaker B. If P is a person for what frequency does he hear that the intensity have a minimum?. (The listener hear that the sound intensity reduces and increases).I don't know the distance from P to B. (They form a...
  12. P

    Estimate Water Usage for Local Town of 30000

    Homework Statement An average family of four uses roughly 1600 liters of water per day. How much depth would a lake lose per year if it uniformly covered an area of 90 square kilometers and supplied a local town with a population of 30000 people? Consider only population uses, and neglect...
  13. P

    How Much Water Fell on the City During the Storm?

    Homework Statement A violent rainstorm dumps 1.7 cm of rain on a city 4.0 km wide and 7.0 km long in a 2.0 hr period. How many metric tons of water fell on the city? Homework Equations 1 ton = 10^3 kg 1 cm^3 of water has a mass of 1 g = 10^-3 kg. Density of water is 1.0 g/cm^3 The...
  14. S

    What way could I estimate, easiest and quickest, the area underneath a curve?

    I have a physics exam soon and i would just like to know, which method would be best for me to use to estimate the area under a curve to estimate work done when the force-extension graph is not linear. I know you could draw bars to estimate the area of the curve and you could draw a line so...
  15. W

    Estimate the average values of ΔH and ΔS in this temperature range

    Homework Statement The isomerization of 1-butene and trans-2-butene occurs as shown in the table at selected temperatures. Estimate the average values of ΔH and ΔS in this temperature range. T/Kelvins....K 883.... 1.10 826.... 1.20 779.... 1.36 733.... 1.49 702.....1.63 686.....1.72 The...
  16. G

    Estimating Debye Frequency from Dispersion Curves: What's the Proper Approach?

    This is a short question from an old final exam I'm studying from. If you're given the graph of the dispersion curves for some material (I attached an example, but pretend the axes have numerical values on them), how would I go about estimating the Debye frequency? My initial thought was just...
  17. J

    Can local operator estimate be applied to subsets of Rn?

    Say I have an invertible partial differential operator P:H1(Rn) -> L2(Rn) where H1 denotes the first order L2 Sobolev space. I know |u|H1(Rn) ≤ |(P-z)u|L2(Rn) for certain z. Can I somehow obtain |u|H1(U) ≤ |(P-z)u|L2(V) for subsets U, V of Rn where V is only "slightly" larger than U...
  18. B

    Estimate a lower limit for the number density of the electrons in the plasma

    Homework Statement When a returning spacecraft re-enters the atmosphere, the shock wave and the friction that it generates lead to the ionisation of gas molecules just ahead of it and around it. Because of this, during the most intense phase of deceleration, radio communication signals...
  19. M

    Estimate how many books profit over 200k$?

    Homework Statement In the year 2010 a profit of book in x dollars follows the distribution which density function is f(x) = cx-3. There were 96 books in that year which profit exceeded 105 $. Estimate how many books profit over 2*105 ? Homework Equations For cumulative...
  20. S

    Use Uncertainty Principle to estimate the size of the H atom

    Homework Statement In Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, the max. kinetic energy that an electron can have is around 13.6 eV, as it would otherwise not be confined to the atom. Uncertainty Principle: ΔxΔy ≥ h/2π a) Find the max. momentum of such confined electron. b) Use Uncertainty Principle...
  21. K

    How many terms of the series are needed in order to estimate the exact sum within .01

    Homework Statement How many terms of the series ∞ Ʃ (-1)n/(ln(n+1)) n=1 are needed in order to estimate the exact sum within .01 Homework Equations I know that I need to use the remainder estimate for the integral test where Rn=s-sn and that ∫ from (n+1) to ∞ of f(x)dx \leq Rn...
  22. L

    Estimate light, eletron, neutron beams energy

    Homework Statement estimate light, eletron, neutron beams energy to use 'order - of - magnitude' [eV] Homework Equations E = hv The Attempt at a Solution E = hv where h is Plancks constant and v is frequency and E is energy...
  23. N

    Using differentials to estimate the maximum possible error in computed product

    Homework Statement Four positive numbers, each less than 40, are rounded to the first decimal place and then multiplied together. Use differentials to estimate the maximum possible error in the computed product that might result from the rounding. Homework Equations...
  24. W

    Using uncertainty principle to estimate ground state energy

    Homework Statement Use the uncertainty principle to estimate the ground state energy of a particle of mass "m" is moving in a linear potential given by V(x) = ∞ for x≤ 0 V(x) = αx for x ≥ 0 Homework Equations ΔxΔp ≥ h/2 The Attempt at a Solution I've looked at a similar problem...
  25. S

    Quickly Estimate Apery's Constant Using Partial Sums and Integrals

    Estimate 1 + \frac{1}{2^3} + \frac{1}{3^3} + \frac{1}{4^3} + \frac{1}{5^3} + ... in 1 minute (See "[URL constant[/URL]). I couldn't think of a clever way to quickly do this. Any ideas?
  26. C

    Estimate induced emf in the coil

    [Solved] Estimate induced emf in the coil Homework Statement Consider a single-loop coil whose magnetic flux is given by this image: Estimate the induced emf in the coil at times near t = 0.3s, t = 0.4s and t = 0.5s This is for algebra-based physics. Homework Equations emf = -N*(change in...
  27. P

    Estimate the energy stored in a match

    Homework Statement This is for a class to learn about making order of magnitude estimates. I want to estimate the amount of energy released by burning a match. Googling gives an answer of about 1BTU (just over 1kJ) but I can't think how to estimate it from general knowledge. Homework...
  28. T

    Normal determination to estimate permeability

    "normal" determination to estimate permeability I'm working on a magnetic circuit using a cast steel rectangular core with a .0008m air gap. There is a hint the question that says, 'Use a "normal" determination to estimate μ from the graph.' What exactly is a "normal" determination...
  29. A

    Estimate the maximum initial velocity

    Hi I need some help with this question: Estimate the maximum initial velocity you can achieve with a tennis ball I thought of using the maximum range formula: R=v2/g but doesn't that imply to the fact that I'm throwing at an angle of 45 degrees? Please help me, I really want to solve this...
  30. T

    How Does an Underground Oil Pocket Affect Gravity Measurements?

    Problem: The center of a 1.30 km diameter spherical pocket of oil is 1.30 km beneath the Earth's surface. Estimate by what percentage g directly above the pocket of oil would differ from the expected value of g for a uniform Earth? Assume the density of oil is 8.10x10^3 kg/m^3 Should I use...
  31. T

    Estimate section of area under Maxwell-Boltzmann Curve

    Homework Statement When it comes to evaluating integrals, there are two ways you can do it. First, you know that the integration of a function is the area under a curve, as shown in the left hand diagram. However, if you are looking over a narrow range along the x-axis, you can make an...
  32. B

    Earth Reaches Sun's Chromosphere: Timing Estimate

    Roughly how long would it take, ending the time when Earth touches the Sun's Chromosphere layer. (Ignoring interfering with other planets' gravities as it moves toward the Sun, if that situation exists.)
  33. B

    Estimate ∫γ dz/(1 + z^4) as R→∞.

    Homework Statement Estimate ∫γ dz/(1 + z^4) as R→∞. Note that letting z = Re^(it) for t in [0, π]: |∫γ dz/(1 + z^4)| = |∫(t = 0 to π) (iRe^(it) dt) / (1 + R^4 e^(4it))| ≤ ∫(t = 0 to π) R dt / |1 + R^4 e^(4it)| ≤ ∫(t = 0 to π) R dt / (R^4 - 1), since R > 1 ≤ πR / (R^4 - 1). but why...
  34. I

    Estimate the magnitude of the torque the large loop exerts on the smaller one.

    Homework Statement A small loop of wire of radius 1.5 cm is placed at the center of a wire loop with radius 20 cm. The planes of the loops are perpendicular to each other, and a 5.0 -A current flows in each. Estimate the magnitude of the torque the large loop exerts on the smaller one...
  35. B

    Remainder estimate for product series

    Suppose I have two series A=\sum_{n=0}^\infty a_n B=\sum_{n=0}^\infty b_n and I have estimates for the remainders of each one: \sum_{n=N}^\infty a_n \le R^N_A \sum_{n=N}^\infty b_n \le R^N_B Consider the product series AB=\sum_{n=0}^\infty c_n where c_n=\sum_{i=0}^n a_i...
  36. D

    Estimation is over or under estimate

    Homework Statement If y''=-y^2, is this approximationg an over-estimation or an underestimation of the exact area? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution
  37. J

    Newton's Binomial Theorem to Estimate, Find Error

    Homework Statement Use Newton's Binomial Theorem to estimate integral of (1+x^4)^(1/2) from 0 to 1/2 to within one part in 1000, (error>1/1000) Homework Equations I used the Binomial Series expansion, so (a+b)^n = a^n +na^(n-1)b + (n(n-1))/2! (etc The Attempt at a Solution I...
  38. G

    How to estimate a function that fit well with a curve

    hello somme one know how to get the function that fit well with a curve following is my curve: [PLAIN]http://img814.imageshack.us/img814/5885/tempdepth.png thx..:smile:
  39. P

    Give a big-O estimate of the product of the first n odd positive integers

    Homework Statement Give a big-O estimate of the product of the first n odd positive integers. Homework Equations Big-O notation: f(x) is O(g(x)) if there are constants C and k such that |f(x)| ≤ C|g(x)| whenever x > k. The Attempt at a Solution The product of the first n odd integers can be...
  40. O

    Dye Dilution; Estimate value of an Integral

    Homework Statement The dye dilution is used to measure cardiac output with 6 mg of dye. The dye concentrations, in mg/L, are modeled by c(t)=20te^(-0.6t), 0 =< t =< 10, where t is measured in seconds. Find the cardiac output.Homework Equations Cardiac output is given by: F=A/\int[c(t) dt]010...
  41. N

    Plot a graph to verify the inverse square law and use the graph to estimate ?

    Hi, I know that this is my first post, but please help me! I am having trouble with the following question "The following data was collected from an experiment to measure the gamma ray count-rate at different distances from a sample of cobalt-60 The background count was measured five...
  42. D

    Adiabatic approxmation, estimate of d\phi/dx

    Hi, Messiah writes in his Quantum Mechanics book in chapter XVIII, section 14 (pages 786-789): http://img827.imageshack.us/img827/4605/screenshot3si.png What does he mean, when he says "an increment of the order of 'a' is necessary to transform the function phi into a function that is...
  43. J

    Estimate the distance and mass of a galaxy

    Hi! I want to estimate the distance and mass of a galaxy by given values. The center of an inclined galaxy sends out light of a certain wavelength (f.ex. the HI line) out to a certain radius r. At the outer edges of the galaxy the emitted line has a wavelength of l +/- dl At first, I...
  44. L

    Estimate and apply transfer function to vibration data

    Hi, I am trying to reduce the error in the controller for a stewart platform. At the moment I am trying to experiment with estimating the transfer function of the error, and applying the inverse of the transfer function to the input data. I have an input file sampled at 50hz of...
  45. P

    Maximum Likelihood Estimate

    I actually have two questions, both of which are on the same topic Homework Statement Consider X = number of independent trials until an event A occurs. Show that X has the probability mass function f(x) = (1-p)^x p, x = 1,2,3,..., where p is the probability that A occurs in a single trial...
  46. H

    Estimate mass of neutrino given distance & KE

    Homework Statement A supernova 1.54\times10^21 m away sends out neutrinos, and a detector on Earth detects two, ten seconds apart. The first one (A) that comes has a kinetic energy of 30 MeV, the second (B) has a kinetic energy of 10 MeV. Using this, I'm supposed to come up with an upper...
  47. R

    Taylor polynomial of f(x) = 1/(1-x) and the estimate of its remainder

    Homework Statement Find the Taylor polynomial for f(x) = 1/(1-x), n = 5, centered around 0. Give an estimate of its remainder. The Attempt at a Solution I found the polynomial to be 1 + x + x2 + x3 + x4 + x5, and then tried to take the Lagrange form of the remainder, say, for x in [-1/2, 1/2]...
  48. L

    Derive an estimate for the radius of a star

    Homework Statement Consider a star made up of ionized hydrogen. First, take the electrons to be non-relativistic. If the mass of the star is M, derive an estimate for the radius R. As the mass increases, how does the radius change Homework Equations p~(h2 /Me) n5/3 The Attempt at...
  49. U

    How to estimate roll position via gyroscope data?

    im trying to implement a tilt sensing program via accelerometer and gyroscope. part of the input that i will plan on using is gyroscope data. since gyroscopes measure angle/sec, integrating this will give me angle right? i then have three questions: 1. do i multiply the gyroscope's (1/sampling...
  50. Z

    How Do Scientists Estimate the Distance to Stars?

    Think about this, a photon travel through the universe, its path can be reflected by other objects, bended by gravity. Therefore the path would not be a straight line anymore. But very often from the TV science shows stating the distances to other stars are some some million light years. How...
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