What is Reading: Definition and 635 Discussions

Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of letters, symbols, etc., especially by sight or touch.For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation.Other types of reading and writing, such as pictograms (e.g., a hazard symbol and an emoji), are not based on speech based writing systems. The common link is the interpretation of symbols to extract the meaning from the visual notations or tactile signals (as in the case of Braille).

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  1. Z

    Reading from stdin Instead of a File

    Hi, So I can read from a file by doing: while read line; do ... done<$fileame Is it possible to change to reading from stdin instead of that file by changing the $filename variable instead of writing a new loop without a done< argument? Thanks.
  2. H

    Fortran Reading a file in FORTRAN 90 or 95

    Hi everybody, I need your help guys. I am using FORTRAN 90(or 95) and try to read a text file. The file contains many lines for instance something like this CS DIRECT 1.2 2.5 3.6 1.6 -2.3 2.9 .... .... .... I need to put each line inside a string variable for example A="CS"...
  3. B

    Reading Mathematical Theorems And Their Proofs

    Lately, I have been experiencing a sort of anxiety over not understanding some of these proofs in my calculus textbook. I just finished a calculus I course, and we did not spend any time learning them; so, I thought, since it is summer time now, I would go back over and try to learn those...
  4. T

    Reading through Jackson: Gauss Theorem

    Homework Statement I'm reading through Jackson and ran into the following: An application of Gauss's theorem to ∇'^{2}G=-4πδ(x-x') shows that \oint(\partialG/\partialn')da'= -4∏ where G is a Green function given by 1/|x-x'| + F, and F is a function whose Laplacian is zero. (Sec. 1.10...
  5. M

    Recommend reading for multivariate probability/statistics

    Im working my way through a thesis paper that has a lot to do with this. I have a strong background in linear algebra which I've noticed is important as the determinant of the covariance matrix comes up a lot in density functions. Other than the linear algebra though, I've only taken an...
  6. T

    Reading character input with scanf

    printf("\nSpecify ascending ['a'] or descending 'd' >> ");scanf("%c",&pref);flushInputBuffer(); extract_array(s,n,crit,array1);extract_array(s,n,2,array2); if (pref == '\n')pref = 'a'; printf("\n%c\n",pref); So the above is a snippet of code from one of the programs I am writing. My...
  7. S

    Suggestions for Summer Physics Reading

    Hello. I've just gotten through my first year of undergraduate physics (not much physics really) and won't have the time to take any courses over the summer. I think it'd be in my best interest to keep my mind on my studies so I figure I will pick up a few books to go through over the summer...
  8. Infinitum

    What are you currently reading?

    Hey people, I believe this would be a good way to find out new(probably good :tongue:) books, so just as it says on the tin, what are you reading now? I currently alternate between Simon Singh's Fermat's Last Theorem, and Towers of Midnight by Robert Jordan. Nearly finished both so I can...
  9. S

    Reading a two-dimensional array in namelist, f90

    I'd like to create some test data to read 2-dim arrays in f90 with namelists. Suppose I have this in the main program: integer, dimension(2,3) array_in, array_out namelist /WW_ARRAY/ array_in, array_out ... Open(unit=WW_ARRAY_infile, file="WW_ARRAY_in.dat", status =...
  10. marcus

    From Boomerang to Planck: reading the ancient light

    Many of us, probably most, know Smoot and Mather got the 2006 Nobel "for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation." But there is more to the story, other scientists other instruments other features of the early universe discovered in the...
  11. G

    Do you like or dislike reading e-books?

    The library sent out a survey today asking about e-books to the entire university. Now I know it is bound to happen where there will no longer be physical books anymore, but personally I can not stand reading e-books. I absolutely hate when you have to scroll back and forth between pages to...
  12. O

    Segmentation fault reading string on cin read

    Homework Statement I'm trying to read a string from cin. When it hits the "cin >> strWord" statement, I get the following error message: Segementation fault (core dumped). The input file is named "data4nine". I'm really not sure what a segmentation fault is and why I'm getting it The...
  13. R

    History I've always gotten this impression from reading books and in history

    I've always gotten this impression from reading books and in history that a hundred or so years ago there were these guys that through their great inventions (especially later in the Ind. revolution?) that became socially accepted and revered as "inventors" and it was a pretty big deal and...
  14. J

    What does the scale reading represent?

    Say that an object is placed on a scale and it gives a reading. Does that number represent the object's weight (w = mg) or mass (just m)? I'm a bit confused because my physics teacher told me that it is measuring its mass...is this correct? Many thanks.
  15. E

    Question from reading Div Grad Curl and All That

    on pages 14-15, in deriving the normal vector to a surface, they use a plane to cut the surface (the plane is parallel to the xz plane) then use the curve 'c' in the xz plane (this curve being where the plane intersects the surface), draw a tangent vector 'u' and want to use the components of...
  16. P

    While I was reading an article about diffraction of light on

    While I was reading an article about diffraction of light on Wikipedia(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffraction), I had some doubts about it. On the formalism of the angular position of the first minima, it assumes that the light from a source located at the top edge of the slit interferes...
  17. A

    Try this reading comprehension?

    I keep encountering people who think "critical" means carping or fault-finding, and nothing more. So it would seem that the critic's pen, once mightier than the sword, has been supplanted by the ax. Yet I have always maintained that the critic has three duties: to write as well as a novelist or...
  18. 1

    Particle discovery - reading the plot

    Hi all. How to read the following plot? Thanks.
  19. A

    Reading Error by Two Unsynchronized Power Meter

    Hi everyone, I've been searching and googling for the answer to no avail, so I'm just wondering if anyone at PF could help me out. It's for my work assignment, by the way. I have two power meters connected at two ends of a transmission line (assume it's 33kVAC). At each power meter, there...
  20. S

    Help Understanding 3D Coordinates

    Ok, so I am having help knowing when x,y,z are positive or negative. My graph looks something similar to this.. -------------z---------x -------y ---------------------y ---x --------------z I am really confused as to when...
  21. G

    Fortran Fortran77 end-of-file error reading formatted input

    Hi, I am new to the forum, apologies if I break any rule posting a new thread. I could not find the answer in similar threads came up after searching the forum. I want to read a formatted file of six column data. Reading works OK, but I want to put it into a do loop with the repeat as many as...
  22. J

    Electric company meter reading

    I put up a security gate requiring a code at the entrance to my property 6 months ago but the electric company has never requested access to read my meter. I have an old fashioned non-digital meter that cannot be seen from the road. My bill references a specific KWh usage. How does the power...
  23. P

    Can some one Fully explain reflection for me, because i am reading my

    Can some one Fully explain reflection for me, because i am reading my book and i read about wavelets and I DONT UNDERSTAND THAT, so can some one explain it all PLEASE
  24. Z

    C/C++ Learning C++ by reading the code of open source projects?

    learning C++ by reading the code of open source projects? Is there any resource that teaches C++ by taking an open source project (at the level of quake 3 for example)and explains the code step by step for some one who only knows the very basics . In my opinion It will be very efficient . I can...
  25. J

    Fortran Fortran 77 - reading same file multiple times

    Hi all I am using some code that was originally written in F77, but as it is many thousands of lines long, I haven't the time to go changing it. There is one section of code that refuses to work, but I'm assuming it must have at some point since the code has been used in the past...
  26. L

    Reading off masses of eight goldstone bosons from chiral Lagrangian mass term

    Hi, If I have three light quark flavours with massses m_u, m_d,m_s , I want to try and calcuate the masses of the eight pseudogoldstone bosons. I have found from my mass term in the Chiral L that: L_{mass}=-2v^3...
  27. A

    Fortran Reading and Displaying text file in Fortran

    I am trying to read and display the content of a text file in Fotran 90 to make sure that fortran is interpreting the data correctly. Eventually I want to store the data in an array so I can calculate averages, but at the moment I am still working on getting the data displayed in Fortran. I've...
  28. D

    Tips for Improving Reading Speed: A Junior's Struggle and Seeking Solutions

    Greetings! A little about me first: I'm an above-average Junior in high school in the US who loves Maths and Physics. Since I was a child, I was never told how to read (I never read much, really...) I taught myself to pronounce the words out loud in my head, and this habit is really bad...
  29. E

    Reading and Taking Notes (or Not)

    So I'm starting to review Calculus and I was wondering what you guys do for taking notes from textbooks since I don't normally take notes and I would only read the text when necessary. I am debating taking the following options: Just reading the book (probably least effective) Reading and...
  30. M

    Reading a P-V Diagram for heat in/out and work in/out

    Homework Statement Predict whether heat is lost or gained by a gas, and whether work is done by the gas or the gas does work on its surroundings, given a P-V diagram. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I'm trying to understand how to read a P-V diagram and am wondering...
  31. I

    Scale Reading of Normal Force: Due by Midnight

    Remember that a scale records the value of the normal force, not a person’s actual weight. Draw a FBD. Rotate your coordinate system. A 61 kg student weighs himself by standing on a scale mounted on a skateboard that is rolling down an incline, as shown. Assume there is no friction so...
  32. M

    Problem reading file manipualting values therein, Python

    I was trying to write code that would read integers stored in a file, line by line and then save them to a list and average that list and display it, it didn't work. What can I do to correct this code, I believe that the error is in how I am treating the list but I am confused at why the...
  33. G

    Necessary power for reading glasses

    Homework Statement A person struggles to read by holding a book at arm's length, a distance of 45 cm away (near point). What power of reading glasses should be prescribed for him, assuming they will be placed 2.0 cm from the eye and he wants to read at the normal near point of 25 cm...
  34. R

    Good book for non school reading?

    I have £25 or $40 worth of book tokens to spend. I normally don't read fiction books and was thinking of getting a scientific or engineering orientated book that I could read without having a degree in the relevant subject? I like electronics and physics and had though about either getting...
  35. M

    Looking for reading suggestions

    As the title says I'm looking for reading suggestions for complex analysis. I'm a novice at the subject and looking to do some self study to bring myself up to a graduate level of understanding. I've been looking at some reviews on Amazon on such books, but I think I would rather hear your...
  36. T

    Comp Sci Basic fortran help: reading columns of data from a text file

    Hi everybody, I have 3 columns of data (3 different variables) and 400 rows. How would I set up a matrix/array sort of thing to read each row individually and store it in my fortran program to calculate equations at each step? What I have basically tried and can't get to work, I think it...
  37. G

    Reading phonon dispersion curves

    I've got a question about interpreting these - mainly about how the horizontal axis works. See attached file - On the leftmost panel, it has a form of the wavevector q plotted from left to right, labeled as (000) on the left and (100) on the right. What does this mean? Does it mean that...
  38. C

    Comp Sci FORTRAN 90 Help- reading input in format DDMMYYYY + more

    Homework Statement This is assignment is on FORTRAN 90: In an assignment i have, i am to enter a date in the format DDMMYYYY, and its suppose to compute and display the day of the week that date falls on (based on a given algorithm). I was able to code a program that would give me the right...
  39. A

    I am reading about differencial exact form, and i dont understand

    i am reading about differencial exact form, and i don't understand why d \theta is not a exact... i think that is because d \theta is not a total derivative of some function, since d \theta = \frac{1}{x^2+x^2} (-y dx+xdy) is not definned globally in x,y = 0,0... ¿is correct?
  40. N

    Reading characters from file till white space and appending symbols

    Hi I am novice to programming and trying to read each character from file till white space [next line / space] and append symbols to the read characters. example: say I have string how are you doing sir then I should read it into char buffer as char buff =...
  41. R

    Reading Matrix from File in Java - Can Someone Help?

    hi want to read the rows of a matrix from a file which are written in the following way : (2:1,3), (4:3,1), (2:1,8) i am working in java, i am not able to figure out how to do this using bufferedreader :( can someone help? Thanks
  42. I

    Medical MRI Mind Reading claim (newspaper)

    http://www.smh.com.au/technology/sci-tech/mindreading-technology-reconstructs-videos-from-brain-20110923-1ko5s.html ::I can't locate the primary source:: Didn't want to put this in skepticism or another sub section.. too interesting. Move if wrong thanks.
  43. L

    Hi all,I am reading a paper related to astrophysics and I am stuck

    Hi all, I am reading a paper related to astrophysics and I am stuck in a step in a calculation. It is about orbiting gas in a spiral galaxy and it calculates the errors in the fitted rotation velocity if one of the viewing angles is incorrectly estimated. My problem is that I don't understand...
  44. A

    Does reading make you a better writer?

    When I was in 8th grade I found that I had a bit of a talent for writing, and it seemed to come out of nowhere. I'm not the most outspoken guy, but I have no trouble with writing. I find it to be an easier communication medium than speech (although I will not deny that speech is the most...
  45. R

    Recommended Reading Material? (Nuclear Fusion)

    ((Not certain this is the right place)) Hi guys, Currently I'm voluntarily undertaking a project qualification and have decided to write a report on Nuclear Physics and how it could be used as an energy source in the future. I already know quite a bit about this topic but was wondering if...
  46. N

    C/C++ Reading a string from file until whitespace c++

    I am newbie to programming , I am trying to write a program in c++ to read strings from the file until white space [ space/ newline] each time i encounter white space i append to the string read append a symbol "$" and push to the buffer. and for the same string append another symbol "(" and...
  47. X

    Reading Newton's Principia while taking my Physics Mechanics class

    Is reading the Principia a good idea as a supplement for my physics Mechanics class I will be taking this year. The class is a 1st year class btw, I feel by reading it along with my textbook and lectures I will be able to develop a very deep understanding of Mechanics. Do you guys think it's a...
  48. J

    Studying Reading textbook a ton? vs. hardly at all?

    In a course at a college level, if you read the textbook from front to back instead of just using it for reference it seems to not help the grade? What do you think? P.S. EDIT: and just put this in a reply to the first person to answer: That, the book must be EVIL: The teacher told us, you...
  49. T

    Music Is reading math like reading music?

    I am about to go back to school and need to retake just a ton of math that I completely forget. If I had to guess I'd assume ill even need algebra 1 again. So I am thinking about this on the way home from work last night and had a thought. I play drums. I, due to living in a condo for 6...
  50. R

    Preparing for PGRE: My Recommended Reading List

    These are the books that i have decided to study from for my PGRE...Any advice and recommendations are needed... Fundamentals of Physics : Halliday, Resnick and Walker Introduction To Electrodynamics : David J. Griffiths Introduction To Quantum Mechanics : David J. Griffiths Optics : E...
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