What is Translational: Definition and 172 Discussions

Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. The English language draws a terminological distinction (which does not exist in every language) between translating (a written text) and interpreting (oral or signed communication between users of different languages); under this distinction, translation can begin only after the appearance of writing within a language community.
A translator always risks inadvertently introducing source-language words, grammar, or syntax into the target-language rendering. On the other hand, such "spill-overs" have sometimes imported useful source-language calques and loanwords that have enriched target languages. Translators, including early translators of sacred texts, have helped shape the very languages into which they have translated.Because of the laboriousness of the translation process, since the 1940s efforts have been made, with varying degrees of success, to automate translation or to mechanically aid the human translator. More recently, the rise of the Internet has fostered a world-wide market for translation services and has facilitated "language localisation".

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  1. S

    Transcriptional vs. translational fusion

    What is the difference between transcriptional and translational fusion? As I understand it, transcriptional fusion places a reporter, like lacZ, downstream of the promoter of your gene of interest (so it does not include your entire gene). Is this the same thing in a translational fusion...
  2. S

    Transcriptional vs. translational fusion

    What is the difference between transcriptional and translational fusion? As I understand it, transcriptional fusion places a reporter, like lacZ, downstream of the promoter of your gene of interest (so it does not include your entire gene). Is this the same thing in a translational fusion...
  3. D

    Inclined plane translational velocity

    Homework Statement A hollow cylinder with a mass of 1.2 kilograms and a diameter of .25 m rolls down an inclined plane angled at 35 degrees. What is its translational velocity at the bottom of the incline plane if the distance traveled is 3 meters?Homework Equations v=\sqrt{gh} ? The Attempt...
  4. T

    The average translational kinetic energy of nitrogen molecule

    1. The average translational kinetic energy of a nitrogen molecule at temperature is _____ check picture 2. 3. The Attempt at a Solution : since nitrogen is diatomic then it has 5 degrees of freedom and therefore the average kinetic energy wouldn't be 3/2kt it would...
  5. 1

    Translational Energy of Molecules and Vrms

    1. A quantity of molecular hydrogen (H2) gas fills a one liter container at a temperature of 200 K and pressure of 1 atm. What is the average (rms) speed of the molecules? Homework Equations KE_trans = 1/2 M<v^2> Energy_trans = 3/2kT = 3/2RT H2 = 2g/mol The Attempt at a Solution...
  6. R

    Translational Kenetic Energy

    Homework Statement A spherical balloon is filled with helium atoms (Note 1 atm = 101.3 kPa). (i) What is the total translational KE of the atoms if the balloon has a diameter 13.0 cm at 37.0 °C and the pressure inside the balloon is 121.6 kPa? (ii) The above balloon was filled from...
  7. Q

    Translational and Rotaional motion

    Homework Statement A uniform marble rolls down a symmetric bowl, starting from rest at the top of the left side. The top of each side is a distance h above the bottom of the bowl. The left half of the bowl is rough enough to cause the marble to roll without slipping, but the right half has no...
  8. S

    Ratio of translational velocity to rotational velocity.

    1. A ball of mass m and radius R is both sliding and spinning on a horizontal surface so that its rotational kinetic energy equals its translational kinetic energy.What is the ratio of the ball’s center-of-mass speed to the speed due to rotation only of a point on the ball’s surface? The moment...
  9. L

    Conceptual question: translational and rotational equilibrium

    Homework Statement There are two important conditions for a rigid body to be in equilibrium. The first condition is that the net force on a body must be zero. The second condition is that the net torque on a body must also be zero. 2,3. Relevant equations; attempt at solution. I...
  10. S

    Translational Equillibrium, how do i show my work?

    12. Three horizontal forces are acting at the same point on a puck lying on a level frictionless table. The puck is in translational equilibrium. Two of these forces are: F1 = 10.2 N, east F2 = 15.4 N, 30° E of N What is the magnitude of the third force? I can figure out the answer quite...
  11. Y

    Average Translational Kinetic Energy of 1 Molecule: Solve for N

    Homework Statement 1.2 x10^23 molecules of a monatomic ideal gas occupies the volume of 0.63 m3 at atmospheric pressure. Find the average translational kinetic energy of one molecule. Homework Equations PV = NRT K = 3/2*kB*T The Attempt at a Solution T = PV/NR But.. what's...
  12. K

    How to Calculate Translational Kinetic Energy of a Gas Using Ideal Gas Law

    1.Find the total translational kinetic energy of 0.5 L of oxygen gas held at a temperature of 0°C and a pressure of 1.3 atm. 2. R = 8.314 PV=nRT PV=NkT K=(.5*m*v^2) Translational Kinetic Energy = T=(2/3)(1/k)[(.5)mv^2] 3. The problem says to express the total translational...
  13. H

    Translational and Rotational Energy

    solved. thank you
  14. S

    Rolling and translational dynamics problem

    Homework Statement A solid cylinder m2 is attached to an object m1 by a massless rope which passes over a pulley m3 shown below. The cylinder rolls without slipping down the incline and the rope does not slip on the pulley. The system is released from rest when the cylinder is a given distance...
  15. D

    Translational Speed of a Bowling Ball

    1. A bowling ball with a mass of 6.95 kg and a radius of 0.194 m starts from rest at a height of 2.21 m and rolls down a 49.2 degree slope. What is the translational speed of the ball when it leaves the incline? 2. Unsure! Here's what I've got, though: ω = v/r mgh=1/2mv2+1/2Iω2 And...
  16. W

    Molecular Vibration and Translational Kinetic Energy in a Gas

    Mods, I hope I'm not breaching any guidelines here, haven't had any responses in General Physicsand thought perhaps the question might be more at home here. I understand that CO2 molecules absorb infrared at 2.7, 4.3 and 15 microns, this makes them become vibrationally excited (rocking...
  17. W

    Molecular Vibration and Translational Kinetic Energy in a Gas

    I understand that CO2 molecules absorb infrared at 2.7, 4.3 and 15 microns, this makes them become vibrationally excited (rocking, stretching, bending, I don't know all the modes). I have a few questions from this point: 1. When the CO2 molecule re-emits that energy is it obliged to do so...
  18. T

    Translational Motion and Center of Mass

    Homework Statement A 280-kg flatcar 25m long is moving with a speed of 6.0m/s along horizontal frictionless rails. A 95-kg worker starts walking from one end of the car to the other in the direction of motion, with speed 2.0m/s with respect to the car. In the time it takes for him to reach the...
  19. T

    CM and Translational Motion problem

    A 280-kg flatcar 25 m long is moving with a speed of 6.0m/s along horizontal frictionless rails. A 95-kg worker starts walking from one end of the car to the other in the direction of motion, with speed 2.0m/s with respect to the car. In the time it takes for him to reach the other end, how far...
  20. P

    Centre of Mass and translational motion

    1. A 280kg flatcar 21 m long is moving with a speed of 7.0 m/s along horizontal frictionless rails. A 85kg worker starts walking from one end of the car to the other in the direction of motion, with speed 1.5 m/s with respect to the car. In the time it takes for him to reach the other end, how...
  21. P

    Rotational and translational motion of a ruler on a pivot

    Homework Statement A ruler is attached to the top of a pole bound by its center (pivot point of the ruler is at its center). A student briefly exerts a downward force on the right end of the ruler. The magnitude of the force exerted by the student is less than the weight of the ruler. Assume...
  22. L

    Determine the translational and rotational motion

    Homework Statement A thin rod of mass M and length L rests on a frictionless table and is struck L/4 from its CM by a clay ball of mass m moving at speed v. The ball sticks to the rod. Determine the translational and rotational motion. Homework Equations Irod=1/12*M*R^2 I=mR^2 L=Iw or L=r*m*v...
  23. e2m2a

    Combined rotational and translational motion

    Homework Statement I need to determine the total kinetic energy of a long thin rod relative to a laboratory frame which rotates around an axis at an angular velocity w and the axis moves at a constant translational velocity. The mass of the rod is M and the length of the rod is L. The...
  24. e2m2a

    Combined rotational and translational kinetic energy

    How would I determine the total kinetic energy of a long thin rod which is connected at one end to an axis and which rotates around this axis with a constant angular velocity, and the axis moves with a constant translational velocity? I am not sure how to go about this with this unsymmetric...
  25. T

    What is the total translational kinetic energy of the gas molecules

    Homework Statement What is the total translational kinetic energy of the gas molecules of 0.450 mol of air at atmospheric pressure that occupies a volume of 5.00 L (0.00500 m3)? Homework Equations P=2/3(N/V)<Ktr> N= 0.450 mol V= 5.00L Want to find Ktr The Attempt at a Solution...
  26. B

    Translational Speed of Cylinder on Inclined Plane: Find the Answer

    Homework Statement A solid cylinder with a mass of 1.12 kg and a radius of 0.017 m starts from rest at a height of 3.40 m and rolls down a 77.7◦ slope. What is the translational speed of the cylin- der when it leaves the incline? The acceleration of gravity is 9.81 m/s2 . Answer in units of...
  27. T

    Spacetime Translational Invariance vs(?) Lorentz Covariance

    Hello, I have been reviewing some relativity notes, and I am confused over something. I apologize if this seems like a silly or obvious point, but humor me. When we are talking about Lagrangians in field theory and in regular mechanics, we are often looking at symmetries. Namely, almost...
  28. T

    When is Translational Momentum Conserved

    Homework Statement When is Translational Momentum Conserved and when is Angular Momentum Conserved?
  29. L

    Relationship btwn rotational and translational KE

    Homework Statement A 140 kg hoop rolls along a horizontal floor so that the hoop's center of mass has a speed of 0.150 m/s. How much work must be done on the hoop to stop it? Homework Equations K = 1/2Iomega^2 + 1/2mv^2 The Attempt at a Solution K translational = 1/2mv^2 =...
  30. C

    Rotational and translational energy problem

    A solid sphere of radius R is placed at a height of 30cm on a 15 deg slope. It is released and rolls, without slipping to the bottom. a) From what height should circular hoop of radius R be released in order to equal the sphere's speed at the bottom? First i started with the sphere mgh=.5mv2...
  31. B

    Translational velocity help

    Translational velocity help! Homework Statement A ball is on an incline with µ = 30±. Its initial height is 1.5 m. When it reached the bottom of the incline, what is the ball’s translational (linear) velocity? [Use conservation of energy to solve.] Homework Equations r= s\vartheta...
  32. K

    Translational vs. Rotational Kinetic Energy

    Hi, Suppose I am trying to find the work done in bringing a resting cylinder to an angular speed of 8 rad/s. Why is it INCORRECT to find the corresponding tangential velocity at a point on the outer surface of the cylinder (using angular speed * radius = tangential speed) and use the...
  33. A

    Translational velocity help

    Homework Statement A disk is released from rest from the top of an incline. The bottom of the incline is a vertical distance h=15m below the top. The wheel rolls without slipping. The moment of inertia of the disk is given by I=1/2MR2. What is the translational velocity of the disk at the...
  34. P

    Translational friction coefficient of spheres: Biophysics

    Homework Statement Prove that the translation friction coefficient for a sphere (protein) with a molecular weight of 25 kiloDaltons is approximately 60% the translation friction coefficient for a 100 kiloDalton protein sphere. Homework Equations Stoke's Law: f = 6πηr where f =...
  35. G

    Centre of mass and translational motion

    Homework Statement A 270 kg flatcar 20 m long is moving with a speed of 5.0 m/s along horizontal frictionless rails. A 90 kg worker starts walking from one end of the car to the other in the direction of motion, with speed 3.0 m/s with respect to the car. Homework Equations MVcm = m1v1...
  36. B

    Calculate the translational speed of a cylinder

    Homework Statement Calculate the translational speed of a cylinder when it reaches the foot of an incline 11 m high. Assume it starts from rest and rolls without slipping. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution How do you find the speed when you only have the height of the...
  37. H

    Two difficult translational and rotational motion problems

    At least, they're difficult for me. I find them very hard to set up, in particular the interaction of the rotation and translation is hard for me to grasp. I've worked on both of these very hard, with only some headway, so be liberal in your help. (For some reason, all my greek letters are...
  38. B

    Linear momentum translational problem

    Homework Statement A number of particles with masses m(1), m(2) , m(3),... are situated at the points with positions vectors r(1),r(2), r(3),... relative to an origin O. The center of mass G of the particles is defined to be the point of space with position vector...
  39. S

    What is the final translational rms speed of the atoms

    Hi, I have a thermodynamics problem which I tried to solve but have no idea whether my attempt has been succesful. Here is the problem: Initially the translational root mean squared speed of an atom of a monatomic ideal gas is 250 m/s. The pressure and volume of the gas are each doubled...
  40. J

    Help with Translational Motion Homework

    Homework Statement I know the total frictional force required to stop a roller is 145 N, I know the frictional force required to decelerate rotary motion is Ia/r2. But I don't know the formula to decelerate translational motion of the roller. Help! Homework Equations The Attempt...
  41. D

    Total translational kinetic energy

    [SOLVED] Total translational kinetic energy 1.A 0.03m3 vessel contains helium (monatomic) gas at 0.0C and 1.00 atm. The total translational kinetic energy of the gas molecules is (in KJ). 2. 3/2KbT 3. pV=nRT where p is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of molecules...
  42. M

    Rotational and translational kinetic energy

    Homework Statement A cylinder of mass m2 and radius r rolls without slipping over a cylindrical surface. It is driven (like an inverted pendulum) by a uniform rod of mass m1 and length L. Its instantaneous position as a function of time is determined by the angular displacement...
  43. A

    Torque & Equilibrium: Translational & Rotational

    Torque/Translational and Rotational Equilibrium I was given this problem as a quiz in class. Unfortunately, I did not finish it. I decided to try it at home as I need the practice. Homework Statement Sorry for the crudely drawn image. http://image.bayimg.com/lajgkaabb.jpg Find: T, T_2y...
  44. O

    Is the system in translational equilibrium?

    Ok, I need to clear a little conceptual misunderstanding and I hope some of you will be kind enough to help me. Consider a mechanic turning a wrench about a nut. He exerts a force that is perpendicular to the wrench. Is the system in translational equilibrium? Is there a reaction force at the...
  45. G

    Static Friction: Rotational & Translational Effects and Accelerations

    When an object, such as a wheel, rolls across a surface, static friction allows it to move. When taking into account rotational motion accompanied by translational motion across such a surface, what effect does static friction have on it other than allowing the object to move...
  46. H

    Translational and Rotational speeds

    Homework Statement If a cylinder rolls down a 3.04 meter ramp with a 30 degree incline without slipping, how fast will the rotational and translational speeds be when the cylinder reaches the bottom of the ramp? Homework Equations mgh = K_rotational + K_translational K_rotational =...
  47. P

    Average translational kinetic energy of nitrogen molecule

    Homework Statement 2.0 moles of nitrogen (N2) gas are placed in a container whose volume is 8.4 10-3 m3. The pressure of the gas is 4.7 105 Pa. What is the average translational kinetic energy of a nitrogen molecule? average KEN2 = WebAssign will check your answer for the correct number...
  48. M

    Find the average translational kinetic energy of nitrogen molecules

    [SOLVED] Translational Kinetic Energy Homework Statement (Q) Find the average translational kinetic energy of nitrogen molecules at 1600K. Homework Equations Translational KE per degree of freedom = 1/2kT. The Attempt at a Solution Since Nitrogen molecules are diatomic, it has 5...
  49. M

    Rotational & Translational Energy

    A solid, uniform, spherical boulder starts from rest and rolls down a 50.0-m high hill. The to half of the hill is rough enough to cause the boulder to roll without slipping, but the lower half is covered with ice and there is no friction. Wat is the translational speed of the boulder when it...
  50. A

    Translational motion in Quantum Chemistry

    Hello, I'm usually a PF user in General Physics/Chemistry, but I might need the help of you quantum physics users :), recently I have started a quantum chemistry module and I'd appreciate if I could clear some stuff up with you guys rather than look like a penis by asking all my friends, who...
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