[3-in-1] Radioactivity detection, Lightning & Magnetic field strength

[f3nr15]

1)

Methods/equipment for radioactivity detection.
For my high-school Chemistry studies, needs clarification.

Geiger counter:

A small chamber contains a high voltage electric field inside filled with inert gas. When ionizing particles/radiation enters the chamber, it will ionise the inert gas atoms, giving them a charge which will attract them to the cathode, conducting electricity which is registered on a meter.

Cloud chamber:

A chamber that contains super-saturated liquid vapours (water or alcohol?) and as radioactive particles/radiation enters the chamber they will ionize particles inside which can be traced.

That's all I know, there's the Scintillation counter and radioactive film badges I'm not clear about and I heard there's something called the bubble chamber which apparently superseded the cloud chamber.

2)

If lightning can create 100A in 0.1s, when a person is struck by this why have there been cases where this unfortunate victim has survived ?

3)

Question: Define magnetic field strength (T)
Answer: Magnetic flux density (Wb.m^-2)

True ?

 

[Nate810]

Magnetic field strength is the measure of the force per unit current at a point in a magnetic field, measured in teslas (T). It is also referred to as magnetic flux density and is defined as the force per unit current per unit area. The SI unit for magnetic field strength is the Tesla (T).

 

[m2003]

I would like to address each question separately:

1) In terms of methods and equipment for radioactivity detection, the ones mentioned in the content are all valid options. The Geiger counter and cloud chamber are commonly used in high school chemistry studies, as they are relatively simple and inexpensive. The Geiger counter works by detecting the ionizing particles/radiation that enter the chamber, while the cloud chamber relies on the ionization of particles inside to create visible traces. The scintillation counter is a more advanced option that uses a scintillator material to detect radiation, and the radioactive film badge is a wearable device that measures radiation exposure over time. The bubble chamber is an older technology that has been largely replaced by more advanced detectors, but it is still used in certain applications.

2) Lightning strikes can indeed create very high currents in a short amount of time. However, whether a person survives a strike depends on various factors such as the path of the current through the body, the amount of current, and the overall health of the person. In some cases, the current may not pass through vital organs and the person may survive with minimal injuries. It is important to note that being struck by lightning is still a very serious event and immediate medical attention should be sought.

3) The definition of magnetic field strength, also known as magnetic flux density, is indeed given in units of Wb.m-2 (webers per square meter). This is a measure of the strength of the magnetic field at a specific point in space. It is important to note that the magnetic field strength can vary depending on the location and orientation in the field, so it is usually measured as an average over a small area.