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Loren Booda
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Is the surface area of the alveolar capillaries comparable to that of all other arterial capillaries?
The same textbook gives the typical length of a capillary in dogs as 1 mm and the number as 1.2E9. So a dog's capillaries wouldn't wrap aroud the earth, but a human is bigger than a dog.Loren Booda said:That's a more detail than I knew even existed. I once read in the 1964 (ha!) World Book that the total length of capillaries in the human body would wrap several times around the earth.
Yes, on the tissue side instead of the lung side.Loren Booda said:By "mean diffusion distance or surface area for systemic exchange," do you mean at the cellular level?
The lungs are the main organs responsible for the absorption of oxygen in the body. When we breathe in, oxygen enters through the nose or mouth and travels down the trachea into the lungs. The oxygen then diffuses across the alveolar membrane, which is the thin wall of the air sacs in the lungs. From there, it enters the capillaries, which are tiny blood vessels surrounding the alveoli. The oxygen is then carried by the blood to the rest of the body.
The lungs have a specialized structure that is designed for efficient gas exchange. The alveoli have a large surface area and are surrounded by a dense network of capillaries, allowing for a high rate of oxygen absorption. Other capillaries in the body may have a smaller surface area and a different arrangement, as their primary function is to transport blood rather than facilitate gas exchange.
The efficiency of oxygen absorption in the lungs can be influenced by various factors such as lung health, altitude, and exercise. Chronic lung diseases such as asthma, COPD, and emphysema can impair the function of the alveoli and affect the absorption of oxygen. At higher altitudes, the air contains less oxygen, making it more difficult for the lungs to absorb enough oxygen. Exercise increases the demand for oxygen, causing the lungs to work harder and absorb more oxygen.
The absorption of oxygen in the lungs is a passive process. It relies on the difference in oxygen concentration between the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries. The concentration of oxygen is higher in the alveoli, so oxygen molecules diffuse across the alveolar membrane into the capillaries. This process does not require energy expenditure by the body.
Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. In the lungs, hemoglobin binds to oxygen molecules that have diffused into the capillaries. This allows for efficient transport of oxygen to the tissues and organs that need it. Without hemoglobin, the absorption of oxygen in the lungs would not be possible.