Bending of waves around obstacles and the effect of wavelength

In summary, the wavelength of light or sound waves affects the degree of bending due to the principle of diffraction. This is demonstrated in the example of light passing through a small slit, where the wavelets of red light spread more than those of blue light. The distance between successive wave fronts, known as wavelength, plays a role in the spread of waves after passing through the slit. The Huygens-Fresnel theory and Kirchoff integral provide explanations for this phenomenon.
  • #1
ARAVIND113122
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why does the wavelength of light or sound waves affect the degree of bending?I know the mathematical formula for fringe width,but i want to know the physical reasons behind the phenomenon of bending.
Taking the example of light passing through a small slit,the huygens principle talks about wavelets,but why do wavelets of red light spread more than those of blue light?[i know this is in some way related to the wavelength of waves,but i don't exactly understand the concept physically]
to be more specific,since wavelength is the distance between successive wave fronts,how does this distance affect the spread of waves after passing through the slit?
 
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  • #2
It is to do with scaling. The basic principle of diffraction is that a 1 micron wavelength wave diffracted by a 1 micron object should diffract the same if it were a 1 metre wavelength incident on a 1 metre object.

This is why there is always an ever-present a/[itex]\lambda[/itex] factor in diffraction equations.

In truth, the Huygens-Fresnel theory can't explain the wavelength dependence that well, the Kirchoff integral though is more accurate since it is a direct solution to the Helmholtz equation.

Claude.
 

1. What is the bending of waves around obstacles?

The bending of waves around obstacles, also known as diffraction, is a phenomenon in which waves spread out as they pass through or around an obstacle. This can occur with any type of wave, including light, sound, and water waves.

2. How does the wavelength of a wave affect its bending around an obstacle?

The wavelength of a wave plays a significant role in its bending around an obstacle. Generally, waves with longer wavelengths will diffract more than waves with shorter wavelengths. This means that longer waves will bend more around an obstacle and have a larger diffraction pattern.

3. What are some real-life examples of diffraction?

Diffraction is a common phenomenon that occurs in our daily lives. Some examples include: the sound of a person's voice being heard around a corner, light bending around the edges of a door, and ocean waves bending around a pier.

4. How does the size of an obstacle affect the diffraction of waves?

The size of an obstacle can greatly impact the diffraction of waves. Generally, smaller obstacles will cause more diffraction because the waves have to bend more to get around them. On the other hand, larger obstacles may not have as significant of a diffraction effect on the waves.

5. Can diffraction be used for practical purposes?

Yes, diffraction is used in various practical applications. For example, it is used in radio broadcasting to ensure that signals can be received in places where there are obstacles. It is also utilized in medical imaging techniques such as X-rays and ultrasound. Additionally, diffraction is used in antennas to focus and direct signals.

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