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I came across a story of Clair Patterson, who investigated the age of the Earth through isotopic analysis of lead in uranium, which evolved into a study of lead in the environment and the discoveries of widespread lead contamination and scientific misconduct on the part of various persons affiliated with the lead industry, particularly the Ethyl Corporation, which produced tetraethyl lead used as an 'anti-knock' agent in gasoline. Even a National Academy of Sciences's study on the health effects of lead was tainted by scientific misconduct.
Ref: https://www.mentalfloss.com/article...st-who-determined-age-earth-and-then-saved-it
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clair_Cameron_Patterson
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Nuclear/radser.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zircon
From the Mentalfloss article:
One person can make a considerable difference.
(Wikipedia article) Most people, following Kehoe's arguments, referred to "normal levels" of lead in blood, soil, and air, meaning values near the average. They assumed that because these levels were common, they were harmless. "Normal" also carries some of the meaning "natural". Patterson argued that "normal" should be replaced by "typical" and that just because a certain level of lead was commonplace, it did not mean it was without harm. "Natural", he insisted, was limited to concentrations of lead that existed in the body or environment before contamination by humans, which has occurred frequently due to technological advancements and cultural traditions.
Ref: https://www.mentalfloss.com/article...st-who-determined-age-earth-and-then-saved-it
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clair_Cameron_Patterson
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Nuclear/radser.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zircon
From the Mentalfloss article:
the EPA appeared to not take his [Patterson's] complaints about industry influence seriously. In 1970, the agency, looking to establish regulations, asked the National Academy of Sciences to assemble a team of experts to write a report. The academy stacked the lineup with industry consultants, including Kehoe, and scientists with zero expertise in airborne lead. Patterson was not invited. Their report, released in 1971, ignored his research.
By the mid-1980s, the lead industry, running out of arguments, resorted to denial. In a 1984 Senate testimony, Dr. Jerome Cole, President of the International Lead Zinc Research Organization, claimed “there is simply no evidence that anyone in the general public has been harmed from lead’s use as a gasoline additive” [PDF].
Patterson compared the freshly caught albacore to canned tuna and discovered that the canned fish contained 1000 to 10,000 times more lead. The http://www.jstor.org/stable/1683311?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=Concentration&searchText=profiles&searchText=of&searchText=barium&searchText=and&searchText=lead&searchText=in&searchText=Atlantic&searchText=waters&searchText=off&searchText=Bermuda&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3DConcentration%2Bprofiles%2Bof%2Bbarium%2Band%2Blead%2Bin%2BAtlantic%2Bwaters%2Boff%2BBermuda%26amp%3Bwc%3Don%26amp%3Bfc%3Doff%26amp%3Bgroup%3Dcontrol%26amp%3Bacc%3Don&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents hit mainstream news and prompted manufacturers to stop soldering tin food cans with lead.
One person can make a considerable difference.
In the 1970s, lead in the atmosphere peaked to historic highs. It has since cratered to medieval levels. In the 1960s, drivers in more than a hundred countries used leaded gasoline. Today, that number is three. In 1975, the average American had a blood lead level of 15 μg/dL. Today, it’s 0.858 μg/dL [PDF]. A 2002 study in Environmental Health Perspectives found that, by the late 1990s, the IQ of the average preschooler had risen five points. Needleman writes, “The blood lead levels of today’s children are a testimony to his brilliance and integrity.”
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