Current, B, E field directions on line in TEM mode

In summary, in a two conductor transmission line in TEM mode, the E field indicates that charges should move in an orthogonal direction to the conductors, while the B field created by Ampere's law suggests that the charges should be moving axially along the conductors. The differential voltage between the two conductors and the electron conduction wave propagate along the line, with electrons unable to escape the surface of the line and therefore travelling along the line until reaching a resistive load or being reflected by a mismatch. The E field between the two wires is the difference in voltage across the capacitance of the line as it is charged by inductively limited currents in the two wires.
  • #1
yabb dabba do
7
0
Hi,

Say you have a two conductor transmission line in TEM mode. The E and B field's will look something like the picture below with the E field in blue and the B field in red.

The E field should point in the direction of the current, as it's what makes the charges move. The E field in the picture below is orthogonal to the two conductors, indicating the charges and thus the current would move in a direction orthogonal to the conductors axis.

However ampere's law says that the B field is created in circles around the direction of the current. The B field circles below are around the axis of the conductors, indicating that the current should be traveling axially along the conductors.

So I'm confused. In a two conductor transmission line in TEM mode the E field indicates the charges should be moving in an orthogonal direction to the conductors, but the B field indicates the charges should be moving axially along the conductors. :
image122.gif
 
Engineering news on Phys.org
  • #2
yabb dabba do said:
So I'm confused. In a two conductor transmission line in TEM mode the E field indicates the charges should be moving in an orthogonal direction to the conductors,
The differential voltage between the two conductors and the electron conduction wave propagate along the line as the capacitance of the line is charged through the inductance of the line. Electrons cannot escape the surface of the line so they have to go down the line until they reach a resistive load or are reflected by a mismatch. The E field appearing between the two wires is the difference in the voltage across the capacitance of the line as it is charged by the inductively limited currents in the two wires.
 

1. What is the difference between current, B field, and E field in TEM mode?

In TEM mode, current refers to the flow of charged particles, while B field and E field refer to the magnetic and electric fields, respectively. These fields are perpendicular to each other and to the direction of current flow.

2. How are the current, B field, and E field directions determined in TEM mode?

The direction of current flow is determined by the direction of electron movement in the transmission line. The direction of the B field is determined by the right-hand rule, with the fingers pointing in the direction of current flow and the thumb pointing in the direction of the B field. The E field is perpendicular to both the current and B field, following Maxwell's equations.

3. What is the significance of the B field and E field in TEM mode?

In TEM mode, the B field and E field work together to propagate electromagnetic waves through the transmission line. The B field creates a magnetic field that supports the E field, which creates an electric field that supports the B field, and so on. This allows for the efficient transfer of energy through the transmission line.

4. How does the direction of the B field and E field affect the propagation of electromagnetic waves in TEM mode?

The direction of the B field and E field determine the polarization of the electromagnetic waves in TEM mode. If the fields are perpendicular to each other, the waves are said to be linearly polarized. If the fields are parallel, the waves are said to be circularly polarized. The direction of the fields also affects the direction of wave propagation.

5. Can the current, B field, and E field directions change in TEM mode?

In TEM mode, the directions of the current, B field, and E field are fixed and do not change. This is because the transmission line is designed to maintain a constant direction of current flow, and the fields are dependent on the direction of current flow. However, in other modes of transmission, such as TE or TM modes, the directions of these fields can change as the waves propagate through the transmission line.

Similar threads

  • Electromagnetism
Replies
4
Views
978
  • Electrical Engineering
Replies
2
Views
1K
Replies
1
Views
778
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
4
Views
148
Replies
1
Views
2K
Replies
6
Views
861
  • Electrical Engineering
Replies
2
Views
1K
Replies
3
Views
496
Replies
27
Views
1K
  • Electrical Engineering
Replies
18
Views
7K
Back
Top