Curvature implying Closedness in N dimensions

In summary, a two-dimensional surface with everywhere positive curvature is a closed surface with no boundary (isomprphic to a sphere).
  • #1
jfizzix
Science Advisor
Insights Author
Gold Member
757
355
A two-dimensional surface with everywhere positive curvature is a closed surface with no boundary (isomprphic to a sphere).

Is this true for higher dimensional surfaces as well?
Would a three-dimensional surface, with everywhere positive curvature be a closed hypersurface isomorphic to a hypersphere?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
jfizzix said:
A two-dimensional surface with everywhere positive curvature is a closed surface with no boundary (isomprphic to a sphere).

Unless you are speaking very loosely, I don't think this is true. What do you mean with "isomorphic" in this case anyway?
 
  • #3
If you are referring to the Stoker-Hadamard theorem, it states that any closed surface with positive Gaussian curvature is positive everywhere is either
1) Diffeomorphic to the sphere if it is compact
2) Diffeomorphic to the graph on an open, convex subset of the plane.
So the conclusion is not that the surface is closed in ##\mathbb{R}^3##, rather it is one of the hypotheses.
 
  • #4
I think you are misquoting that theorem. A surface with positive constant curvature is homeomorphic (not "isomorphic") to a sphere, but you can have a non-close surface, such as a paraboloid, that has positive curvature everywhere, going to 0 as the distance from a fixed point goes to infinity.
 
  • #5
jfizzix said:
A two-dimensional surface with everywhere positive curvature is a closed surface with no boundary (isomprphic to a sphere).

Is this true for higher dimensional surfaces as well?
Would a three-dimensional surface, with everywhere positive curvature be a closed hypersurface isomorphic to a hypersphere?

This is not true for surfaces. One can give the projective plane a metric of constant positive Gauss curvature. There are many surfaces with boundary that have positive Gauss curvature.

A closed orientable smooth surface without boundary of positive Gauss curvature must be a sphere. This is because the integral of the Gauss curvature is 2π time the Euler characteristic and all surfaces other than the sphere have non-positive Euler characteristic.
 
Last edited:

1. What is the concept of curvature implying closedness in N dimensions?

Curvature implying closedness in N dimensions is a mathematical concept that describes how the curvature of a space can determine whether that space is closed or not. In simple terms, it means that if the curvature of a space is positive, the space is closed, and if the curvature is negative, the space is open. This concept is often used in fields like differential geometry and topology to study the properties of different spaces.

2. How is curvature calculated in N dimensions?

Curvature in N dimensions is calculated using mathematical equations such as the Riemann curvature tensor or the Ricci curvature tensor. These equations take into account the geometric properties of a space, such as its metric and connections, to determine the curvature at a specific point. The resulting curvature value can then be used to determine the closedness of the space.

3. What implications does curvature implying closedness have in physics?

In physics, curvature implying closedness has implications in fields like general relativity and cosmology. It helps us understand the curvature of spacetime and how it affects the motion of objects and the behavior of light. It also has implications in the study of the shape and structure of the universe, as well as the formation and evolution of galaxies and other celestial bodies.

4. Can curvature implying closedness be visualized in lower dimensions?

Yes, the concept of curvature implying closedness can be visualized in lower dimensions, such as 2 or 3 dimensions. For example, a sphere can be used to visualize positive curvature, as all points on a sphere are equidistant from its center, making it a closed space. A saddle-shaped surface can be used to visualize negative curvature, as it is open and extends infinitely in all directions.

5. How does curvature implying closedness relate to the topology of a space?

Curvature implying closedness is closely related to the topology of a space. In topology, a closed space is one that has no boundary, while an open space has a boundary. The curvature of a space can be used to determine whether it is closed or open, and therefore, it is an important concept in topology. Additionally, the shape and structure of a space can also affect its curvature, making it an essential factor in understanding the topology of a space.

Similar threads

Replies
10
Views
2K
  • Differential Geometry
Replies
1
Views
1K
Replies
1
Views
1K
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
29
Views
1K
  • Differential Geometry
Replies
6
Views
2K
Replies
19
Views
2K
  • Differential Geometry
Replies
4
Views
3K
  • Special and General Relativity
Replies
30
Views
663
  • Differential Geometry
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • Sci-Fi Writing and World Building
Replies
9
Views
2K
Back
Top